张腾;卢倩云;陈友明;曹宇棽;晏琼;

• 1:北京交通大学理学院

摘要(Abstract)：

近年来,转基因毛状根组织被越来越多地应用于重金属和有机污染物的植物修复技术研究中,已成为进行污染物毒性响应机制研究的便捷的实验室工具。为了探究龙葵、油菜、芥菜3种镉(cadmium,Cd)超富集植物对Cd毒性胁迫响应的差异,以诱导出的3种植物毛状根为研究材料,从毛状根的生长状态、富集Cd的能力、根组织细胞的凋亡程度和抗氧化酶活性等方面进行了探讨。结果表明:Cd浓度为0~50μmol·L-1时,龙葵、油菜、芥菜毛状根受Cd毒害的影响都不明显;Cd浓度为75~100μmol·L-1时,龙葵、油菜、芥菜毛状根均表现出对Cd胁迫的防御响应。在较高的Cd浓度(100μmol·L-1)下,龙葵毛状根的生物量受Cd毒害的影响最小,芥菜次之,油菜受影响最大;同时龙葵毛状根富集的Cd含量最高(745.0μg·g-1),芥菜次之(681.4μg·g-1),油菜最差(505.2μg·g-1)。龙葵、油菜、芥菜毛状根在Cd胁迫下的细胞凋亡水平均随Cd浓度的升高而升高,当Cd浓度为100μmol·L-1时,龙葵毛状根比油菜和芥菜毛状根的细胞凋亡程度均低。同时3种植物毛状根在不同浓度Cd处理下抗氧化酶活性的变化有一定差异。从上述结果综合来看,龙葵毛状根受Cd毒害的影响最小、富集Cd的能力最好,是进一步开展Cd超富集植物转基因改造研究的较好的实验室载体。

关键词(KeyWords)： 镉;毛状根;镉超富集植物;龙葵;芥菜;油菜;氧化损伤;细胞凋亡

Abstract:

Keywords:

基金项目(Foundation): 中央高校基本科研业务费(2014JBM118)

作者(Author): 张腾;卢倩云;陈友明;曹宇棽;晏琼;

Email:

参考文献(References)：

• [1]翁添富,高建培,易锋,等.土壤重金属污染生物修复技术研究进展[J].科技导报,2009,27(4):93-97Weng T F,Gao J P,Yi F,et al.Progress of bioremediation technology for heavy metals pollution in soil[J].Science and Technology Review,2009,27(4):93-97(in Chinese)
• [2]刘淑艳,王雪丽,刘培.植物修复土壤重金属污染研究进展[J].北京农业,2009(18):74-76Liu S Y,Wang X L,Liu P.Development of phytoremediation technique on soil heavy metal pollution[J].Beijing Agriculture,2009(18):74-76(in Chinese)
• [3]Giller K.Agricultural recycling of sewage sludge and the environment[J].Environmental Pollution,1996,94(2):241
• [4]杨伊.土壤Cd-Zn复合污染修复技术研究进展[J].湖南有色金属,2016,32(1):68-71Yang Y.Research advance on remediation techniques of soils contaminated by Cd and Zn[J].Journal of Hunan Metals,2016,32(1):68-71(in Chinese)
• [5]Peng K J,Luo C L,Chen Y H,et al.Cadmium and other metal uptake by Lobelia chinensis,and Solanum nigrum,from contaminated soils[J].Bulletin of Environmental Contamination&Toxicology,2009,83(2):260-264
• [6]魏树和,周启星,王新.超积累植物龙葵及其对镉的富集特征[J].环境科学,2005,26(3):167-171Wei S H,Zhou Q X,Wang X.Cadmium-hyperaccumulator Solanum nigrum L.and its accumulating characteristics[J].Environment Science,2005,26(3):167-171(in Chinese)
• [7]魏树和,周启星,王新,等.一种新发现的镉超积累植物龙葵(Solanum nigrum L.)[J].科学通报,2004,49(24):2568-2573Wei S H,Zhou Q X,Wang X,et al.A new found cadmium-hyperaccumulator Solanum nigrum L.[J].Chinese Science Bulletin,2004,49(24):2568-2573(in Chinese)
• [8]魏树和,周启星,王新,等.杂草中具重金属超积累特征植物的筛选[J].自然科学进展,2003,13(12):1259-1265Wei S H,Zhou Q X,Wang X,et al.Screening of plants with heavy metal accumulation in weeds[J].Progress in Natural Science,2003,13(12):1259-1265(in Chinese)
• [9]Wei S,Zeng X,Wang S,et al.Hyperaccumulative property of Solanum nigrum,L.to Cd explored from cell membrane permeability,subcellular distribution,and chemical form[J].Journal of Soils and Sediments,2014,14(3):558-566
• [10]Kumar N,Bauddh K,Kumar S,et al.Accumulation of metals in weed species grown on the soil contaminated with industrial waste and their phytoremediation potential[J].Ecological Engineering,2013,61(1):491-495
• [11]任秀娟,朱东海,吴海卿,等.镉富集植物筛选研究[J].资源开发与市场,2014,30(8):961-962Ren X J,Zhu D H,Wu H Q,et al.Screening of cadmium enrichment plants[J].Resource Development and Market,2014,30(8):961-962(in Chinese)
• [12]李丽丽,李博文,刘微,等.印度芥菜对潮褐土镉的富集特征及其EDTA的促进效果[J].河北农业大学学报,2011,34(2):75-79Li L L,Li B W,Liu W,et al.Study on phytoremediation and its enhanced techniques by EDTA for soil contaminated with cadmium[J].Journal of Agricultural University of Hebei,2011,34(2):75-79(in Chinese)
• [13]蒋先军,骆永明,赵其国.镉污染土壤的植物修复及其EDTA调控研究I.镉对富集植物印度芥菜的毒性[J].土壤,2001,33(4):197-201Jiang X J,Luo Y M,Zhao Q G.Phytoremediation of Cd polluted soils and its influence by EDTA I.Cd toxicity to Indian mustard(Brassica juncea)[J].Soils,2001,33(4):197-201(in Chinese)
• [14]李新博,谢建治,李博文,等.不同时期印度芥菜对镉污染土壤的净化效果研究[J].河北农业大学学报,2009,32(5):23-26Li X B,Xie J Z,Li B W,et al.Studies on Brassica juncea purification of cadmium pollution soils in different stages[J].Journal of Agricultural University of Hebei,2009,32(5):23-26(in Chinese)
• [15]代天飞,王昌全,李冰.油菜各部位对土壤中活性态重金属的累积特征分析[J].农业环境科学学报,2006(S2):471-475Dai T F,Wang C Q,Li B.Accumulation characters of heavy metals at different parts of rape growing at various soils[J].Journal of Agro-Environment Science,2006(S2):471-475(in Chinese)
• [16]刘静轶.发根农杆菌介导IRT1基因转化镉超富集植物油菜的研究[D].北京:北京交通大学,2014:31-35Liu J Y.Research on agrobacterium rhizogenes-mediated IRI l gene transformation in Cd hyperaccumulator Brassica campestris L.[D].Beijing:Beijing Jiaotong University,2014:31-35(in Chinese)
• [17]Anjum N A,Umar S,Ahmad A,et al.Sulphur protects mustard(Brassica campestris L.)from cadmium toxicity by improving leaf ascorbate and glutathione[J].Plant Growth Regulation,2007,54(3):271-279
• [18]周海霞,单爱琴,孙晓菲,等.甘蓝和油菜对镉污染土壤的修复研究[J].环境科技,2008,21(1):17-19Zhou H X,Shan A Q,Sun X F,et al.The role of cabbage and rape in remediation of cadmium polluted soil[J].Environmental Science and Technology,2008,21(1):17-19(in Chinese)
• [19]弋良朋,王祖伟.土壤中三种盐对油菜富集镉的影响[J].生态环境学报,2010,19(4):798-802Ye L P,Wang Z W.Effects of three salts to oilseed rape(Brassica napus)accumulating cadmium in Cd-contaminated soil[J].Ecology and Environmental Sciences,2010,19(4):798-802(in Chinese)
• [20]张守文,呼世斌,肖璇,等.油菜对Cd污染土壤的植物修复[J].西北农业学报,2009,18(4):197-201Zhang S W,Hu S B,Xiao X,et al.Phytoremediation of cadmium pollution in soil by oilseed rape[J].Acta Agriculturae Boreali-Occidentalis Sinica,2009,18(4):197-201(in Chinese)
• [21]Doran P M.Application of plant tissue cultures in phy-toremediation research:Incentives and limitations[J].Biotechnology and Bioengineering,2009,103(1):11-18
• [22]Suchitra B,Shang T Q,Wilson A M,et al.Expression of functional mammalian P450 2E1 in hairy root cultures[J].Biotechnology and Bioengineering,2002,77(4):462-466
• [23]Wu S,Zu Y,Wu M.Cadmium response of the hairy root culture of the endangered species Adenophora lobophylla[J].Plant Science,2001,160(3):551-562
• [24]Nedelkoska T V,Doran P M.Hyperaccumulation of cadmium by hairy roots of Thlaspi caerulescens[J].Biotechnology and Bioengineering,2000,67(5):607-615
• [25]Boominathan R,Doran P M.Cadmium tolerance and antioxidative defenses in hairy roots of the cadmium hyperaccumulator,Thlaspi caerulescens[J].Biotechnology and Bioengineering,2003,83(2):158-167
• [26]曾秀存,许耀照,张芬琴.两种基因型龙葵对镉胁迫的生理响应及镉吸收差异[J].农业环境科学学报,2012,31(5):885-890Zeng X C,Xu Y Z,Zhang F Q.Difference of cadmium absorption and physiological responses to cadmium stress in two different Solanum nigrum[J].Journal of Agro-Environment Science,2012,31(5):885-890(in Chinese)
• [27]Shi H P,Tsang E P,Wang Y.Effect of cadmium,alone or in combination with Ca Cl2,on the growth,antioxidative enzyme activity and cadmium absorption of Solanum nigrum L.varpauciflorum hairy roots[J].Chinese Journal of Biotechnology,2010,26:147-158
• [28]李廷真,祁俊生,余顺慧,等.镉对芥菜型油菜萌发生理响应的FTIR研究[J].广东农业科学,2013,40(6):29-32Li T Z,Qi J S,Yu S H,et al.Physiological response ofBrassica juncea L.seeds in germination to cadmium[J].Guangdong Agricultural Sciences,2013,40(6):29-32(in Chinese)
• [29]林昕,高建培.油菜对镉、铅复合污染土壤修复潜力的研究[J].大理学院学报:综合版,2010,9(4):76-80Lin X,Gao J P.Study on the potential remediation of rape to soils contaminated by cadmium and lead[J].Journal of Dali University,2010,9(4):76-80(in Chinese)
• [30]杨红霞,刘崴,李冰,等.胁迫浓度和胁迫时间对印度芥菜中镉形态分布的影响[J].岩矿测试,2013,32(2):306-310Yang H X,Liu W,Li B,et al.Effect of exposure levels and exposure time on distribution of cadmium species in Indian mustard(Brassica Juncea)[J].Rock and Mineral Analysis,2013,32(2):306-310(in Chinese)