孙显;杨宇峰;

• 1:暨南大学水生生物研究所
• 2:水体富营养化与赤潮防治广东省教育厅重点实验室

摘要(Abstract)：

微量元素硒不仅是人和动物必需的营养元素,也是植物生长发育不可缺少的元素。硒酸盐在水体中溶解度高于其他环境介质,导致水生生物对无机硒(硒酸盐)有更高的利用率。藻类能吸收无机硒,可将无机硒有效地转化为有机形态。藻体内的硒主要以硒蛋白、硒核酸、硒多糖等生物大分子以及硒代半胱氨酸和硒代蛋氨酸等生物小分子有机化合物存在。在水生生态系统中,藻类是硒的主要吸收者。富硒藻类通过食物链将硒传递至浮游动物、贝和鱼等动物体内,能提高其抗氧化能力,从而导致其对重金属耐受性增强。本文综述了藻类在自然界硒生物有机化中的地位和作用,藻类对硒的富集方式及代谢途径,硒在藻类中的生物学效应,富硒藻类的开发利用现状及今后的发展方向,较全面地综述了富硒藻类研究进展。

关键词(KeyWords)： 硒;藻类;富硒

Abstract:

Keywords:

基金项目(Foundation): 农业部公益科研专项(201403008);; 国家自然科学基金委-广东省联合基金(U1301235)

作者(Author): 孙显;杨宇峰;

Email:

DOI:

参考文献(References)：

• [1]王桂琴.微量元素硒的研究进展[J].甘肃畜牧兽医,2001,15(6):30-33Wang G Q.Research progress of trace element selenium[J].Gansu Animal and Veterinary Sciences,2001,15(6):30-33(in Chinese)
• [2]史丽英,罗世炜.微量元素硒的研究进展[J].襄樊职业技术学院学报,2005,4(1):108-110Shi L Y,Luo S W.The advanced research of trace selenium[J].Journal of Xiangfan Vocational and Technical College,2005,4(1):108-110(in Chinese)
• [3]刘家军,郑明华.硒矿资源研究及其开发利用.资源、环境与可持续发展战略[M].北京:中国环境科学出版社,1995:114-116Liu J J,Zheng M H.Research on Selenium Mineral Resources and Its Development and Utilization[M].Beijing:China Environmental Science Press,1995:114-116(in Chinese)
• [4]刘金旭,陆肇海,苏琪.家畜家禽的硒营养缺乏的调查研究-I.我国饲料牧草含硒量的分布(初报)[J].中国农业科学,1985(4):76-81Liu J X,Lu Z H,Su Q.Regional selenium deficiency of feed stuffs in China-I[J].Scientia Agriculture Sinica,1985(4):76-81(in Chinese)
• [5]Zhang L,Ackley A R,Pilon-Smits E A H.Variation in selenium tolerance and accumulation among 19 Arabidopsis thaliana accessions[J].Journal of Plant Physiology,2007,164(3):327-336
• [6]邢翔,郭建秋.硒的分布及综合利用研究[J].长江大学学报,2008,5(2):41-44Xing X,Guo J Q.Selenium distribution and comprehensive utilization[J].Journal of Yangtze University,2008,5(2):41-44(in Chinese)
• [7]李家奎,王小龙.硒的生物转化研究进展[J].中国兽医杂志,2008,38(3):3-5Li J Q,Wang X L.Research progress in the biological transformation of selenium[J].Chinese Journal of Veterinary Medicine,2008,38(3):3-5(in Chinese)
• [8]Conde J E,Sanz A M.Selenium concentrations in natural and environmental waters[J].Chemical Reviews,1997,97:1979-2003
• [9]Pyrzynska K.Speciation of selenium compounds[J].Analytical Sciences,1998,14(3):479-483
• [10]Fan T W M,The S J,Hinton D E,et al.Selenium biotransformations into protein aceous forms by food web organisms of selenium-laden drainage waters in California[J].Aquatic Toxicology,2002,57:65-84
• [11]王秀红.微量元素硒与人体健康[J].微量元素与健康研究,2006,23(1):66-67Wang X H.Selenium and health[J].Studies of Trace Elements and Health,2006,23(1):66-67(in Chinese)
• [12]王俊,黄明,徐幸莲,等.硒及富硒功能食品研究进展[J].江苏农业科学,2003(2):53-56Wang J,Huang M,Xu X L,et al.Research progress of selenium and selenium-enriched functional food[J].Jiangsu Agricultural Sciences,2003(2):53-56(in Chinese)
• [13]邢丹英.作物富硒技术研究与应用[D].武汉:华中农业大学,2004Xing D Y.Research and application of crop selenium-enriched crop technology[D].Wuhan:Huazhong Agricultural University,2004(in Chinese)
• [14]Ul rey D E.Regulation of essentral nutrient additions to animal diets(selenium-A model case.)[J].Journal of Animal Science,1980,51:645
• [15]Mortimer D T.Vit E-selenium deficiency syndrome in pigs[J].Veterinary Record,1983,112:278
• [16]Raptis S E,Kaiser G,Tolg G.A survey of selenium in the environment and a critical review of its determination at trace levels[J].Fresenius Journal of Analytical Chemistry,1983,316(2):105-123
• [17]张联合,郁飞燕,苗艳芳.硒在人和动物健康上的研究[J].安徽农业科学,2007,35(21):688-690Zhang L H,Yu F Y,Miao Y F.Study on the selenium in human and animal heaith[J].Journal of Anhui Agricultural Science,2007,35(21):688-690(in Chinese)
• [18]郑文杰,欧阳政.植物有机硒的化学及其医学应用[M].广州:暨南大学出版社,2000:7Zheng W J,Ouyang Z.Chemical and Medical Application of Organic Selenium in Plants[M].Guangzhou:Jinan University Press,2000:7(in Chinese)
• [19]叶兴枝,邢丹英,金明珠.不同硒源对大麦农艺性状的影响及富硒效应研究[J].麦类作物学报,2007,27(3):539-542Ye X Z,Xing D Y,Jin M Z.Effect of different selenium sour on agronomic character and selenium-enriched in barley[J].Journal of Triticeae Crops,2007,27(3):539-542(in Chinese)
• [20]Chapman P M,Adams W J,Brooks M L,et al.Ecological Assessment of Selenium in the Aquatic Environment[M].Boca Raton:CRC Press,2010
• [21]Wang C,Lovel R T.Organic selenium sources,selenomethionine and selenoyeast,have higher bioavailability than an inorganic selenium source,sodium selenite,in diets for channel catfish(Ictalurus punctatus)[J].Aquaculture,1997,152:223-234
• [22]Terry N,Zayed A M,de Souza M P,et al.Selenium in higher plants[J].Annual Review of Plant Physiology and Plant Molecular Biology,2000,51:401-432
• [23]Sors T G,El is D R,Salt D E.Selenium uptake,translocation,assimilation and metabolic fate in plants[J].Photosynthesis Research,2005,86:373-389
• [24]Pilon-Smits E A H,Quinn C F.Selenium Metabolism in Plants[M]//Hel R,Mendel R.(Eds.).Cel Biology of Metals and Nutrients.Berlin Heidelberg:Springer Press,2010:225-241
• [25]Neuhierl B,Thanbichler M,Lottspeich F,et al.A family of S-methylmethionine dependent thiol/selenol methyl transferases.Role in selenium tolerance and evolutionary relation[J].Journal of Biological Chemistry,1999,274:5407-5414
• [26]黄峙,郑文杰,向军俭,等.硒硫比值对钝顶螺旋藻有机化硒的影响及藻体中硒的形态,价态构成[J].海洋科学,2002,26(5):60-62Huang Z,Zheng W J,Xiang J J,et al.Efffects of various Se:S ratios on Se-organizing and chemical states and valences of Se in Spriulina platensis[J].Marine Sciences,2002,26(5):60-62(in Chinese)
• [27]Wil iams M J,Ogle R S,Knight A W,et al.Effects of sulfate on selenate uptake and toxicity in the green alga Selenastrum capricornutum[J].Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology,1994,27(4):449-453
• [28]Abdel-Tawwab M,Mousa M A A,Fayza E A.Growth performance and physiological response of African catfish,Clarias gariepinus(B.)fed organic selenium prior to the exposure to environmental copper toxicity[J].Aquaculture,2007,272:335-345
• [29]Penglase S,Nordgreen A.Increasing the level of selenium in rotifers(Brachionus plicatilis‘Cayman’)enhances the mR NA expression and activity of glutathione peroxidase in cod(Gadus morhua L.)larvae[J].Aquaculture,2010,306:259-269
• [30]Sun X,Zhong Y,Huang Z,et al.Selenium accumulation in unicellular green alga Chlorella vulgaris and its effects on antioxidant enzymes and content of photosynthetic pigments[J].PLoS ONE,2014,9(11):e112270
• [31]Novoselov S,Rao M,Onoshko N,et al.Selenoproteins and selenocysteine insertion system in the model plant cell system,Chlamydomonas reinhardtii[J].Embo Journal,2002,21:3681-3693
• [32]Danbara A,Shiraiwa Y.The requirement of selenium for the growth of marine coccolithophorids,Emiliania huxleyi,Gephyrocapsa oceanica and Hel adosphaera sp(Prymnesiophyceae)[J].Plant and Cel Physiology,1999,40:762-766
• [33]DoukováI,Machát J,UmysováD,et al.Scenedesmus quadricauda-A Promising Microorganism for SeleniumEnriched Algal Biomass Production.SEFS-5 Symposium for European Freshwate Sciences[M].Palermo,Italy,2007:197
• [34]Umisova D,Vitova M,Douskova I,et al.Bioaccumulation and toxicity of selenium compounds in the green alga Scenedesmus quadricauda[J].BMC Plant Biology,2009,9:58-74
• [35]黄峙,杨芳,郑文杰.富硒螺旋藻中硒别藻蓝蛋白的纯化及其特性[J].微生物学报,2006,6(3):401-405Huang Z,Yang Y,Zheng W J.Purification and properties of Se-containing al ophycocyanins from selenium-enriched Spirulina platensis[J].Acta Microbiologyica Sinica,2006,6(3):401-405(in Chinese)
• [36]刘艳,桑敏,李爱芬,等.硒在紫球藻蛋白质,多糖和脂类物质中的累积与分布[J].中国海洋药物,2010,29(3):22-27Liu Y,San M,Li A F,et al.Accumulation and distribution of selenium in protein,polysaccharide and lipid of Porphyridium sp.[J].Chinese Journal of Marine Drugs,2010,29(3):22-27(in Chinese)
• [37]吕蓉,张波.硒质量浓度对小球藻生长,生物富集的影响[J].盐业与化工,2008,37(4):35-37Lv R,Zhang B.Effects of selenium concentration on the growth and bioaccumulation of Chlorella pyrenoidosa[J].Journal of Salt and Chemical Industry,2008,37(4):35-37(in Chinese)
• [38]刘静雯,张稚兰,杜翠红,等.富硒海洋球石藻(Emiliania huxleyi)的培养及其硒蛋白的初步分离纯化[J].海洋与湖沼,2010,41(6):879-884Liu J W,Zhang Z L,Du C H,et al.Culturing of seleniumenriched Emiliania huxleyi and its selenoproteins purification[J].Oceanologia Et Limnologia Sinica,2010,41(6):879-884(in Chinese)
• [39]刘太胜,李爱芬,顾继光,等.硒对紫球藻生长及光谱特性的影响[J].生态环境,2006,15(2):224-228Liu T S,Li A F,Gu J G,et al.Effects of selenium on the growth and spectroscopic properties of Porphyridium UTEX637[J].Ecology and Environment,2006,15(2):224-228(in Chinese)
• [40]王大志,高亚辉,程兆第.硒对两种盐藻生长的影响及其在细胞中的累积和分布[J].海洋学报,1997,19(5):110-115Wang D Z,Gao Y H,Chen Y D.Effects of selenium on the growth of two algae species and its accumulation and distribution in cells[J].Acta Oceanologica Sinica,1997,19(5):110-115(in Chinese)
• [41]周志刚,钟罡,刘志礼.硒对极大螺旋藻生长及含硒量的影响[J].海洋科学,1997,5:42-45Zhou Z G,Zhong G,Liu Z L.Effects of selenium on the growth and selenium contents of Spirulina maxima[J].Marine Sciences,1997,5:42-45(in Chinese)
• [42]陈必链,庄惠如,余望,等.钝顶螺旋藻对锌和硒生物富集作用的研究[J].食品与发酵工业,1998,24(6):27-29Chen B L,Zhuang H R,Yu W,et al.Study on selenium and zinc bio-enrichment in Spirulina platensis[J].Food and Fermentation,1998,24(6):27-29(in Chinese)
• [43]De Alcantara S,Lopes C C,Wagener K.Controlled introduction of selenium into Chlorella cells[J].Indian Journal of Experimental Biology,1998,36:1286-1288
• [44]Fan T W M,Lane A N,Martens D,et al.Synthesis and structure characterization of selenium metabolites[J].Analyst,1998,123:875-884
• [45]Pelah D,Cohen E.Cel ular response of Chlorella zofingiensis to exogenous selenium[J].Plant Growth Regulation,2005,45:225-232
• [46]Pronina N A,Kovshova Y I,Popova V V,et al.The effect of selenite ions on growth and selenium accumulation in Spirulina platensis[J].2002,49:235-241
• [47]Li Z Y,Guo S Y,Li L.Bioeffects of selenite on the growth of Spirulina platensis and its biotransformation[J].Bioresource Technology,2003,89:171-176
• [48]郑文杰,贺鸿志,黄峙,等.螺旋藻富集和转化硒研究进展[J].中国生物工程杂志,2003,23(1):57-60Zheng W J,He H Z,Huang Z,et al.The progress in Spirulina accumulating and inorganic selenium transforming[J].Progress in Biotechnology,2003,23(1):57-60(in Chinese)
• [49]Muto S,Ni mura K,Oohara M,et al.Polysaccharides and antiviral drugs containing the same as active ingredient:U-nited States,US5089481 A[P].(1992-02-18).
• [50]Matthias J A,Anza D,Ancuela A,et al.Salt stress-induced cell death in the unicellular green alga Micrasterias denticulate[J].Journal of Experimental Botany,2009,60(3):939-954
• [51]徐辉碧,范华汉.生命科学中的微量元素(第2版)[M].北京:中国计量出版社,1996:620-668Xu B H,Fan H H.Trace elements in life sciences(the second edition)[M].Beijing:China Metrology Press,1996:620-668(in Chinese)
• [52]Cho S H,Cho Y J,Choi C Y.Effect of feeding regime on compensatory growth of juvenile abalone,Haliotis discus hannai,fed on the dry sea tangle,Laminaria japonica[J].Journal of the World Aquaculture Society,2011,42(1):122-126
• [53]Schiavon M,Moro I,Pilon-Smits E A H,et al.Accumulation of selenium in Ulva sp and effects on morphology,ultrastructure and antioxidant enzymes and metabolites[J].Aquatic Toxicology,2012,122:222-231
• [54]Yan X,Zheng L,Chen H,et al.Enriched accumulation and biotransformation of selenium in the edible seaweed Laminaria japonica[J].Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry,2004,52:6460-6464
• [55]钟钰,陈填烽,郑文杰,等.裂片石莼水提物清除ABTS和DPPH自由基的光谱学研究[J].生态科学,2013,32(4):447-452Zhong Y,Chen T F,Zheng W J,et al.Spectrometric investigation of DPPH and ABTS free radical-scavenging of Ulva lacyuca L.aqueous extracts[J].Ecological Science,2013,32(4):447-452(in Chinese)
• [56]Yang Y F,Fei X G,Song J M,et al.Growth of Gracilaria lemaneiformis under different cultivation conditions and its effects on nutrient removal in Chinese coastal waters[J].Aquaculture,2006,254(1-4):248-255
• [57]Ye C P,Zhang M C,Yang Y F,et al.Photosynthetic inhibition on the microalga Dunaliel a sallina(Chlorophyta)by the dried macroalga Gracilaria lemaneiformis(Rhodophyta)[J].Biomedical Engineering and Biotechnology(iC BEB),2012:400-404
• [58]Riedel G F,Sanders G J.The influence of pH and media composition on the uptake of inorganic selenium by Chlamydomonas reinhardtii[J].Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry,1996,15:1577-1583
• [59]Tuzen M,Sari A.Biosorption of selenium from aqueous solution by green algae(Cladophora hutchinsiae)biomass:Equilibrium,thermodynamic and kinetic studies[J].Chemical Engineering Journal,2010,158:200-206
• [60]黄键,陈必链,吴松刚.环境因素对螺旋藻富集硒和锌及生长的影响[J].食品与发酵工业,1999,25(4):23-25Huang J,Chen B L,Wu S G.Effects of environmental factors on the growth and bioaccumulation of Zn and Se in Spirulina platensis[J].Food and Fermentation Industries,1999,25(4):23-25(in Chinese)
• [61]Lee W Y,Wang W X.Metal accumulation in the green macroalga Ulva fasciata:Effects of nitrate,ammonium and phosphate[J].Science of the Total Environment,2001,278(1-3):11-22
• [62]Fournier E,Adam-Guil ermin C,Potin-Gautier M,et al.Selenate bioaccumulation and toxicity in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii:Influence of ambient sulphate ion concentration[J].Aquatic Toxicology,2010,97:51-57
• [63]Simmons D B D,Emery R J N.Phytochelatin induction by selenate in Chlorella vulgaris and regulation of effect by sulfate levels[J].Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry,2011,30(2):469-476
• [64]Morlon H,Fortin C,Adam C,et al.Selenite transport and its inhibition in the unicellular green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii[J].Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry,2006,25:1408-1417
• [65]UmysováD,VítováM,DoukováI,et al.Bioaccumulation and toxicity of selenium compounds in the green alga Scenedesmus quadricauda[J].BMC Plant Biology,2009,9(1):1
• [66]Yu R Q,Wang W X.Biological uptake of Cd,Se(IV),and Zn by Chlamydomonas reinhardtii in response to different phosphate and nitrate additions[J].Aquatic Microbial Ecology,2004,35:163-173
• [67]Larsen E H,Hansen M,Fan T,et al.Speciation of selenoamino acids,selenonium ions and inorganic selenium by ion exchange HPLC with mass spectrometric detection and its application to yeast and algae[J].Journal of Analytical Atomic Spectrometry,2001,16:1403-1408
• [68]Mosulishvili L M,Kirkesali Y I,Belokobylsky A I,et al.Epithermal neutron activation analysis of blue-green algae Spirulina platensis as a matrix for selenium-containing pharmaceuticals[J].Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry,2002,252:15-20
• [69]Li X,Xu H,Wu Q.Large-scale biodiesel production from microalga Chlorella protothecoides through heterotrophic cultivation in bioreactors[J].Biotechnology and Bioengineering,2007,98:764-771
• [70]Kuta J,Machát J,HorˇejíE,et al.Speciation of selenoamino acids in Se-enriched green algae by HPLC-ICPMS[C].Slovakia:Slovak-Czech Spectroscopic Conference,Comenius University,2008:104(in Czech)
• [71]Lobinski R,Edmonds J S,Suzuki K T,et al.Species selective determination of selenium compounds in biological materials(Technical report)[J].Pure and Applied Chemistry,2000,72:447-461
• [72]Mc Sheehy S,Pohl P,Szpunar J,et al.Analysis for selenium speciation in selenized yeast extracts by two-dimensional liquid chromatography with ICP-MS and electrospray MS-MS detection[J].Journal of Analytical Atomic Spectrometry,2002,16:68-73
• [73]Machát J,Cˇmelík J,Doucha J,et al.Se-enriched alga Chlorella-fractionation of Se forms[J].Mikroelementy Theta,2005,2:71-75(in Czech)
• [74]Machát J,BurianováI,Cˇmelík J,et al.Distribution of selenium and iodine in Chlorella cells enriched during cultivation[C].Nuthetal:6th European Workshop of European Society of Microalgal Biotechnology,2005,3:4
• [75]Doucha J,Lívansk y'K,Kotrbácˇek V,et al.Production of Chlorel a(Chlorophyta)biomass enriched by selenium and its use as a feed supplement[C].Philippines:6th Asia-Pacific Conference on Algal Biotechnology,2006:143-144