壳聚糖辅助下玉米修复铅污染土壤能力的研究The Potential of Corns(Zea mays L.)for Phytoremediation of Pb-Contaminated Soils with the Aid of Chitosan Addition
刘良栋;张伟安;舒俊林;杨智宽;汪玉庭;
摘要(Abstract)：
为了研究壳聚糖辅助下玉米(ZeamaysL.)对铅污染土壤的修复能力,采用L9(34)正交试验进行研究,考虑了4因素3水平,4因素为土壤铅含量、壳聚糖含量、壳聚糖溶液pH值以及加入壳聚糖后的提取时间.研究结果表明,加入壳聚糖会造成玉米生长停滞,甚至死苗,原因在于壳聚糖属于天然高分子有机物,会造成土壤板结,阻碍植物吸收水分,同时壳聚糖将土壤中的大量重金属溶出,造成玉米重金属中毒.加入壳聚糖后,玉米对铅的吸收较对照结果有很大提高,壳聚糖能够促进铅元素从土壤向植物体内转移,但壳聚糖促进铅元素从玉米地下部分向地上部分转移的能力较弱;综合壳聚糖的促进效果,在土壤铅含量为1.8g·kg-1,壳聚糖含量为5mmol·kg-1(土),壳聚糖溶液pH值为4.5,提取时间为7天的条件下,有利于促进铅在玉米地上部分的吸收.
关键词(KeyWords)： 植物修复;植物提取;土壤铅污染;壳聚糖;玉米
基金项目(Foundation): 国家自然科学基金项目(No.20377033)
作者(Author): 刘良栋;张伟安;舒俊林;杨智宽;汪玉庭;
Email:
DOI:
参考文献(References)：
- Bao S D.2000.Soil and agricultural chemistry analysis[M].Beijing:China Agricultural Press,34,56,80,106,154,373(in Chinese)
- Blaylock M J,Huang J W.2000.Phytoextraction of metals[A].//Raskin I,Ensley B D.Phytoremediation of toxic metals:Usingplants to clean up the environment[C].New York:John Wiley&Sons,53-70
- Blaylock M J,Salt D E,Dushenkov S,Zakharova O,GussmanC,Kapulnik Y,Ensley B D,Raskin I.1997.Enhancedaccumulation of Pb in Indian Mustard by soil-applied chelatingagents[J].Environ Sci Technol,31:860-865
- Cheng H M.1996.Heavy metals pollution in soil-plant system[M].Beijing:Science Press(in Chinese)
- Chen Y H,Li X D,Liu H Y,Shen Z G.2002.The potentialof India Mustard(Brassica juncea L.)for phytoremediation of Pb-contaminated soils with the aid of EDTA addition[J].Journal ofNanjing Agricultural University,25(4):15-18(in Chinese)
- Huang J W,Chen J J,William R B.1997.Phytoremediation oflead-contaminated soils:Role of synthetic chelates is leadphytoextraction[J].Environ Sci Technol,31:800-805
- Kuang S P.2003.Effect of anion in soils on corns leadabsorption[J].Journal of Qingdao University of Science andTechnology,23(3):222-224(in Chinese)
- Kuang S P,Xu Z,Zhang S S.2002.Phytoavailability of cornsto heavy metal Pb content in the soils and its benefit to theenvironmental amelioration[J].Journal of Safety and Environment,2(1):28-31(in Chinese)
- Liu L D,Shu J L,Yang Z K.2006.Effects of chitosan andEDTA on lead desorption in Pb contaminated soil[J].Journal ofAgro-Environment Science,25(2):345-348(in Chinese)
- Raskin I,Smith R D,Salt D E.1997.Phytoremediation ofmetals:Using plants to remove pollutants from the environment[J].Current Opinion in Biotechnology,8(2):221-226
- Reeves R D,Baker A J M.2000.Metal-accumulating plants[A].//Raskin I,Ensley B D.Phytoremediation of toxic metals:Using plants to clean up the environment[C].New York:JohnWiley&Sons,193-229
- Shen Z G,Liu Y L.1998.The latest development abouthyperaccumulator plant of heavy metals[J].Plant PhysiologyCommunications,34(2):133-139(in Chinese)
- Yang H.1999.Adsorption behavior of heavy metal ions bychitosan[J].Journal of Yantai University(Natural Science andEngineering),12(4):309-312(in Chinese)
- 鲍士旦.2000.土壤农化分析[M].北京:中国农业出版社,34,56,80,106,154,373
- 陈怀满.1996.土壤-植物系统中的重金属污染[M].北京:科学出版社
- 陈亚华,李向东,刘红云,沈振国.2002.EDTA辅助下油菜修复铅污染土壤的潜力[J].南京农业大学学报,25(4):15-18
- 匡少平.2003.玉米对铅的吸收及阴离子影响效应[J].青岛化工学院学报,23(3):222-224
- 匡少平,徐仲,张书圣.2002.玉米对土壤中重金属铅的吸收特性及污染防治[J].安全与环境学报,2(1):28-31
- 刘良栋,舒俊林,杨智宽.2006.壳聚糖和EDTA对污染土壤中Pb的解吸作用研究[J].农业环境科学学报,25(2):345-348
- 沈振国,刘友良.1998.重金属超量积累植物研究进展[J].植物生理学通讯,34(2):133-139
- 杨洪.1999.壳聚糖对重金属离子的吸附行为[J].烟台大学学报(自然科学与工程版).12(4):309-312◆