制药废水的可生物降解性与生物毒性研究Study on Biodegradability and Biotoxicity of Pharmaceutical Wastewater
刘锐;范举红;穆春芳;蔡强;袁星;陈吕军;
摘要(Abstract)：
制药废水有机物含量高,难生物降解成分多,有些成分可抑制污泥活性或具有生物毒性。以某制药企业维生素生产的7个工段(W1~W7)的排放废水为研究对象,用摇瓶试验评价了各工段废水的可生物降解性能,用瓦勃氏呼吸仪测试了各工段废水对污泥活性的抑制作用,用发光菌急性毒性试验评价了各工段废水经好氧生物处理前后的生物毒性变化。研究结果表明,各生产工段废水的可生物降解性和生物毒性差别显著。各废水中难降解有机碳(TOC)占总TOC的比例最高超过90%(W5和W6),最低则小于10%(W4和W7)。各工段废水发光菌急性毒性EC50的最大值(W4)与最小值(W3)之间相差500倍以上。经过好氧生物处理,W2、W4和W7工段废水中的有机污染物和毒性都得到高效去除;W5工段废水中TOC未减少但是毒性得到削减;而W1和W3工段废水的TOC虽得到削减但是毒性未减小;W6工段废水不仅TOC未减少,且毒性上升,对污泥呼吸活性产生了抑制作用。因此,建议W6工段废水不直接进入好氧生物处理系统,W1和W3工段废水应在好氧生物处理前后采取必要的脱毒措施。
关键词(KeyWords)： 制药废水;可生物降解性;污泥呼吸活性;生物毒性
基金项目(Foundation): 国家“十一五”科技支撑计划(2006BAC02A16);; 钱江人才计划;; 嘉兴市科技计划项目(2010AZ1034)
作者(Author): 刘锐;范举红;穆春芳;蔡强;袁星;陈吕军;
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