农村地区固体燃料使用导致的多环芳烃污染和健康风险Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons Pollution and Health Risks Associated with Solid Fuel Use in Rural Areas
符楠;吕少君;薛国艳;李大鹏;周变红;陈源琛;杜伟;
摘要(Abstract):
为了考察固体燃料使用导致的农村地区多环芳烃污染现状,并评估其对居民造成的健康风险,在北方(山西太谷)和南方(四川南充)选取典型农村家庭,配对测定了农户室内外空气中28种多环芳烃浓度,分析了不同地区多环芳烃污染特征,并评估了居民的呼吸暴露风险。山西室内外多环芳烃浓度分别为(283.7±256.0) ng·m-3和(135.2±50.4) ng·m-3,四川室内外多环芳烃浓度分别为(163.4±132.8) ng·m-3和(87.6±46.2) ng·m-3,室内浓度显著高于室外浓度,室内外比值(I/O)分别为2.3和1.8,室内源是影响多环芳烃污染的主要因素。虽然,高环多环芳烃的质量浓度只占总浓度的13%~25%,但其毒性却占到总毒性的70%~89%,说明对高环多环芳烃应予以更多关注。使用蜂窝煤的家庭,其室内多环芳烃浓度要比用薪柴的低74%。通过对2个地区居民进行风险估算发现,山西和四川居民因为多环芳烃暴露的终身致癌风险分别为1.1×10-4和4.8×10-5,都高于可接受水平10-6,说明这2个地区具有较高的暴露风险,亟待关注。
关键词(KeyWords): 多环芳烃;农村;健康风险;居室空气污染;固体燃料
基金项目(Foundation): 中国博士后科学基金资助项目(2019M661425);; 国家自然科学青年基金资助项目(41701584)
作者(Author): 符楠;吕少君;薛国艳;李大鹏;周变红;陈源琛;杜伟;
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