环渤海近岸海域表层沉积物及底栖生物中PBDEs的赋存特征及富集行为Occurrence and Bioaccumulation of Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers( PBDEs) in Surficial Sediment and Benthic Organism in the Bohai Sea
姚文君;薛文平;国文;徐恒振;林忠胜;姚子伟;马新东;
摘要(Abstract):
多溴联苯醚(PBDEs)作为一种新型的持久性有机污染物,在海洋环境中广泛存在,研究PBDEs在不同介质中的赋存状态对于理解其环境行为及归趋具有重要的意义。通过采集不同区域沉积物及生物样品,考察了PBDEs在环渤海近岸海域表层沉积物及底栖生物中的含量及空间分布特征、污染模式及生物-沉积物富集因子。结果表明,环渤海沿岸表层沉积物中PBDEs总量(Σ10PBDEs)的浓度范围在0.446~26.8 ng·g-1(干重,dw)之间,中值为1.02 ng·g-1(dw),底栖生物中PBDEs(Σ9PBDEs)的浓度范围为0.053~9.90 ng·g-1(dw),中值为1.25 ng·g-1dw;沉积物中BDE-209为最主要的单体,平均丰度达到90.5%,生物体中主要以低溴代BDEs为主,其中单体BDE-47的含量最高,平均丰度范围为43.2%~49.7%;沉积物和生物中PBDEs的含量在空间上存在显著的差异,其中莱州湾和锦州附近区域的结果明显高于其他区域;5种不同的底栖生物对PBDEs均表现出一定的生物富集性,其中∑9PBDEs的BSAF值按从大到小的顺序为菲律宾蛤仔(0.43~4.06,mean=1.19)>紫贻贝(0.34~2.86,1.03)>四角蛤蜊(0.17~1.95,0.82)>麻蛤(0.13~2.33,0.61)>牡蛎(0.09~1.20,0.52)。辛醇水分配系数(log KOW)与不同物种BSAF值的相关性分析结果表明,除BDE-17单体外,其他单体的BSAF值表现出随log KOW的升高而下降的趋势。
关键词(KeyWords): PBDEs;底栖生物;BSAF;渤海;表层沉积物
基金项目(Foundation): 国家自然科学基金资助项目(41201491,21577028)
作者(Author): 姚文君;薛文平;国文;徐恒振;林忠胜;姚子伟;马新东;
Email:
DOI:
参考文献(References):
- [1]Alaee M,Arias P,Sjdin A,et al.An overview of commercially used brominated flame retardants,their applications,their use patterns in different countries/regions and possible modes of release[J].Environment International,2003,29(6):683-689
- [2]Eljarrat E,Feo M L,Barc elóD.Degradation of Brom inated Flam e Retardants[M]//Brom inated Flam e Retardants.Berlin:Springer Berlin Heidelberg,2 0 1 1:1 8 7-2 0 2
- [3]United Nations Environment Programme(UNEP).Conference of the Parties of the 97 Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants Fourth Meeting(POPS/COP4/1)[R].Geneva,Switzerland:POPs Review Committee,2009
- [4]Mai B X,Chen S J,Luo X J,et al.Distribution of polybrominated diphenyl ethers in sediments of the Pearl River Delta and Adjacent South China Sea[J].Environmental Science and Technology,2005,39(10):3521-3527
- [5]王亚韡,蔡亚岐,江桂斌.斯德哥尔摩公约新增持久性有机污染物的一些研究进展[J].中国科学:化学,2010,40(2):99-123
- [6]Wu J P,Luo X J,Zhang Y,et al.Bioaccumulation of polybrominated diphenyl ethers(PBDEs)and polychlorinated biphenyls(PCBs)in w ild aquatic species from an electronic w aste(e-w aste)recycling site in South China[J].Environment International,2008,34(8):1109-1113
- [7]Chen S J,Feng A H,He M J,et al.Current levels and composition profiles of PBDEs and alternative flame retardants in surface sediments from the Pearl River Delta,Southern China:Comparison with historical data[J].Science of the Total Environment,2013,444(2):205-211
- [8]Xiang C H,Luo X J,Chen S J,et al.Polybrominated diphenyl ethers in biota and sediments of the Pearl River Estuary,South China[J].Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry,2007,26(4):616-623
- [9]Labunska I,Harrad H,Wang M J,et al.Human dietary exposure to PBDEs around e-waste recycling sites in Eastern China[J].Environmental Science and Technology,2014,48(10):5555-5564
- [10]Luo Q,Cai Z W,Wong M H.Polybrominated diphenyl ethers in fish and sediment from river pol uted by electronic waste[J].Science of the Total Environment,2007,383(1-3):115-127
- [11]Wang Z,Ma X D,Lin Z S,et al.Congener specific distributions of polybrominated diphenyl ethers(PBDEs)in sediment and mussel(Mytilus edulis)of the Bo Sea,China[J].Chemosphere,2009,74(7):896-901
- [12]Zhao X F,Zhang H J,Ni Y W,et al.Polybrominated diphenyl ethers in sediments of the Daliao River Estuary,China:Levels,distribution and their influencing factors[J].Chemosphere,2011,82(9):1262-1267
- [13]陈晨,马新东,国文,等.辽河口海域短链氯化石蜡污染特征及生物富集[J].科学通报,2014,59(7):578-585Chen C,Ma X D,Guo W,et al.Congener specific distribution and bioaccumulation of short-chain chlorinated paraffins in Liao Estuary[J].Chinese Science Bul etin,2014,59(7):578-585(in Chinese)
- [14]Jin J,Liu W Z,Wang Y,et al.Levels and distribution of polybrominated diphenyl ethers in plant,shellfish and sediment samples from Laizhou Bay in China[J].Chemosphere,2008,71(6):1043-1050
- [15]陈社军,麦碧娴,曾永平,等.珠江三角洲及南海北部海域表层沉积物中多溴联苯醚的分布特征[J].环境科学学报,2005,25(9):1265-1271Chen S J,Mai B X,Zeng Y P,et al.Polybrominated diphenyl ethers(PBDEs)in surficial sediments of the Pearl River Delta and adjacent South China Sea[J].Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae,2005,25(9):1265-1271(in Chinese)
- [16]Wang G G,Peng J L,Xu X,et al.Polybrominated diphenyl ethers in sediments from the Southern Yellow Sea:Concentration,composition profile,source identification and mass inventory[J].Chemosphere,2016,144:2097-2105
- [17]Al chin C R,Law R J,Morris S.Polybrominated diphenylethers in sediments and biota downstream of potential sources in the UK[J].Environmental Pollution,1999,105(2):197-207
- [18]Sílvia L,Míriam G,Elena M,et al.Occurrence and specific congener profile of 40 polybrominated diphenyl ethers in river and coastal sediments from Portugal[J].Environmental Science and Technology,2003,37(5):892-898
- [19]Eljarrat E,Dela C A,Raldua D,et al.Occurrence and bioavailability of polybrominated diphenyl ethers and hexabromocyclododecane in sediment and fish from the Cinca River,a tributary of the Ebro River(Spain)[J].Environmental Science and Technology,2004,38(9):2603-2608
- [20]刘汉霞.多溴联苯醚的分析方法及其在我国典型区域的分布研究[D].北京:中国科学院大学,2006Liu H X.Studies on the analysis method of polybrominated diphenyl ethers and its contamination in selected areas in China[D].Beijing:University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,2006(in Chinese)
- [21]Wan Y,Zhang K,Dong Z M,et al.Distribution is a major factor affecting bioaccumulation of decabrominated diphenyl ether:Chinese sturgeon(Acipenser sinensis)as an example[J].Environmental Science and Technology,2013,47(5):2279-2286
- [22]马新东,穆景利,林忠胜,等.典型陆源入海排污对邻近海域富营养化及生物毒性的影响[J].中国环境监测,2014,30(1):25-30Ma X D,Mu J L,Lin Z S,et al.The impact of sewage from typical land-based sources on the adjacent marine eutrophication and biological toxicity[J].Environmental Monitoring in China,2014,30(1):25-30(in Chinese)
- [23]Zhang Y,Zhao H D,Zhai W D,et al.Enhanced methane emissions from oil and gas exploration areas to the atmosphere-The central Bohai Sea[J].Marine Pollution Bul etin,2014,81(1):157-165
- [24]Law R J,Al chin C R,Jacob D B,et al.Levels and trends of brominated flame retardants in the European environment[J].Chemosphere,2006,64(2):187-208
- [25]Hites R A.Polybrominated diphenyl ethers in the environment and in people:A Meta-Analysis of concentrations[J].Environmental Science and Technology,2004,38(4):945-956
- [26]Eriksson J,Green N,Marsh G,et al.Photochemical decomposition of 15 polybrominated diphenyl ether congeners in methanol/water[J].Environmental Science and Technology,2004,38(11):3119-3125
- [27]Law R J,Covaci A,Harrad S,et al.Levels and trends of PBDEs and HBCDs in the global environment:Status at the end of 2012[J].Environment International,2014,65(2):147-158
- [28]夏斌,周明莹,陈碧鹃,等.胶州湾养殖区贝类生物体中多溴联苯醚的分布特征[J].海洋环境科学,2010,29(6):879-883Xia B,Zhou M Y,Chen B J,et al.Distribution of polybrominated diphenyl ethers in shellfish species in culture area of Jiaozhou Bay[J].Marine Environmental Science,2010,29(6):879-883(in Chinese)
- [29]向彩红,孟祥周,陈社军,等.鱼肉组织中多溴联苯醚的定量分析[J].分析测试学报,2006,25(6):14-18Xiang C H,Meng X Z,Chen S J,et al.Determination of polybrominated diphenyl ethers in fish tissue[J].Journal of Instrumental Analysis,2006,25(6):14-18(in Chinese)
- [30]Xu J,Gao Z S,Xian Q M,et al.Levels and distribution of polybrominated diphenyl ethers(PBDEs)in the freshwater environment surrounding a PBDE manufacturing plant in China[J].Environmental Pollution,2009,157(6):1911-1916
- [31]郭英,唐洪磊,孟祥周,等.多溴联苯醚在桂花鱼体内的分布[J].环境科学,2007,28(12):2806-2810Guo Y,Tang H L,Meng X Z,et al.Tissue distribution of PBDEs in mandarin fish[J].Environmental Science,2007,28(12):2806-2810(in Chinese)
- [32]Keum Y S,Li Q X.Reductive debromination of polybrominated diphenylethers by zerovalent iron[J].Environmental Science and Technology,2005,39(7):2280-2286
- [33]Meng X Z,Yu L P,Guo Y,et al.Congener-specific distribution of polybrominated diphenyl ethers in fish of China:Implication for input sources[J].Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry,2008,27(1):67-72
- [34]Xiang C H,Luo X J,Chen S J,et al.Polybrominated diphenyl ethers in biota and sediments of the Pearl River Estuary,South China[J].Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry,2007,26(4):616-623
- [35]He M J,Luo X J,Chen M Y,et al.Bioaccumulation of polybrominated diphenyl ethers and decabromodiphenyl ethane in fish from a river system in a highly industrialized area,South China[J].Science of the Total Environment,2012,419(3):109-115
- [36]Mizukawa K,Takada H,Takeuchi I,et al.Bioconcentration and biomagnification of polybrominated diphenyl ethers(PBDEs)through lower-trophic-level coastal marine food web[J].Marine Pollution Bul etin,2009,58(8):1217-1224
- [37]Moermond C T A,Zwolsman J J G,Koelmans A A,et al.Black carbon and ecological factors affect in situ biota to sediment accumulation factors for hydrophobic organic compounds in flood plain lakes[J].Environmental Science and Technology,2005,39(9):3101-3109