赵建亮;应光国;魏东斌;任明忠;

• 1:中国科学院广州地球化学研究所有机地球化学国家重点实验室
• 2:中国科学院生态环境研究中心环境化学与生态毒理学国家重点实验室
• 3:环境保护部华南环境科学研究所国家环境二噁英监测中心华南分中心

摘要(Abstract)：

人类活动导致大量毒害污染物进入水体和沉积物,从而对水生生物产生诸多不利影响。开展毒害污染物的生态风险评价,筛选高风险毒害污染物,是毒害污染物风险管控和生态系统保护的基础。对美国和欧盟等发达国家和地区毒害污染物的生态风险评价方法进行了综述。水体和沉积物中毒害污染物风险评价的基本方法首先是采用预测或测定环境浓度(PEC或MEC)进行暴露评价,用生态毒性的剂量-效应关系推导出的预测无影响浓度(PNEC)进行影响评价,然后以风险商(RQ)进行风险表征。对于沉积物中缺乏毒性数据的有机毒害物则通过有机碳归一化沉积物/水分配系数将沉积物中污染物的浓度转化为孔隙水中的浓度,采用水体评价方法进行评价;对于沉积物中重金属的风险,可采用风险评价码(RAC)或采用酸性可挥发性硫化物(AVS)和同步浸提重金属(SEM)差值法进行表征。据此,提出我国开展流域水体和沉积物中毒害污染物的风险评价体系,为我国毒害污染物的风险管控提供参考。

关键词(KeyWords)： 毒害污染物;生态风险评价;水体和沉积物;PNEC

Abstract:

Keywords:

基金项目(Foundation): 国家科技重大专项“水体污染控制与治理”专项“东江优控污染物动态控制管理技术体系研究与应用示范”课题(No.2008ZX07211-008);“流域水污染源风险管理技术研究”课题(No.2009ZX07528-001)

作者(Author): 赵建亮;应光国;魏东斌;任明忠;

Email:

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