李抒苡;孙傅;李丹;曾思育;杜鹏飞;何苗;

• 1:清华大学环境学院
• 2:复旦大学环境科学与工程系

摘要(Abstract)：

卡马西平在污水和水环境中广泛存在,且对水生生态系统安全构成风险,因此成为目前研究较多的药品之一。以北京清河再生水厂为例,研究"超滤—臭氧氧化—氯消毒"处理工艺中卡马西平的去除特性,并针对臭氧氧化和氯消毒工艺建立模拟卡马西平去除过程的机理模型。同时,利用美国环境保护署ECOTOX数据库,获取卡马西平对北京市水生生物物种的毒性数据,并基于毒性数据建立物种敏感度分布(species sensitivity distribution,SSD)模型,评价再生水厂出水补给地表水体时卡马西平产生的生态风险。臭氧氧化和氯消毒模型对卡马西平、总有机碳、氨氮等指标的模拟误差总体低于20%,模型的灵敏参数均可以被较好地识别,且其不确定性显著下降。对比7种SSD模型发现,对数正态分布和对数Logistic分布模型较好地拟合了北京市6个物种的卡马西平毒性数据,二者预测得到的总体生态风险期望值分别为7.4%和8.5%。

关键词(KeyWords)： 卡马西平;生态风险;污水再生;机理模型;臭氧氧化;氯消毒

Abstract:

Keywords:

基金项目(Foundation): 水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项(2009ZX07318-001,2009ZX07318-008)

作者(Author): 李抒苡;孙傅;李丹;曾思育;杜鹏飞;何苗;

Email:

DOI:

参考文献(References)：

• [1]Espejo A,Aguinaco A,Amat A M,et al.Some ozone advanced oxidation processes to improve the biological removal of selected pharmaceutical contaminants from urban wastewater[J].Journal of Environmental Science and Health Part A-Toxic/Hazardous Substances and Environmental Engineering,2014,49(4):410-421
• [2]Andreozzi R,Marotta R,Pinto G,et al.Carbamazepine in water:Persistence in the environment,ozonation treatment and preliminary assessment on algal toxicity[J].Water Research,2002,36(1):2869-2877
• [3]张娟,代朝猛,周雪飞,等.水体中卡马西平的污染特征与赋存现状研究[J].给水排水,2012(6):120-124Zhang J,Dai C M,Zhou X F,et al.Study on the pollution characteristics and occurrence of carbamazepine in water body[J].Water and Wastewater Engineering,2012(6):120-124(in Chinese)
• [4]Zhang Y,Gei En S,Gal C.Carbamazepine and diclofenac:Removal in wastewater treatment plants and occurrence in water bodies[J].Chemosphere,2008,73(8):1151-1161
• [5]安婧,周启星.药品及个人护理用品(PPCPs)的污染来源、环境残留及生态毒性[J].生态学杂志,2009(9):1878-1890An J,Zhou Q X.Pollution sources,environmental residues and ecological toxicity of pharmaceuticals and personal care products(PPCPs):A review[J].Chinese Journal of Ecology,2009(9):1878-1890(in Chinese)
• [6]Ternes T A.Occurrence of drugs in German sewage treatment plants and rivers[J].Water Research,1998,32(11):3245-3260
• [7]王钊.药物活性物质在污水处理厂的分布与控制技术研究[D].邯郸:河北工程大学,2015:32-33Wang Z.The distribution and control technology of Ph ACs in wastewater treatment process[D].Handan:Hebei University of Engineering,2015:32-33(in Chinese)
• [8]徐维海,张干,邹世春,等.典型抗生素类药物在城市污水处理厂中的含量水平及其行为特征[J].环境科学,2007(8):1779-1783Xu W H,Zhang G,Zou S C,et al.Occurrence,distribution and rate of antibiotics in sewage treatment plants[J].Environmental Science,2007(8):1779-1783(in Chinese)
• [9]严清.典型Ph ACs在城市水系统中的迁移分布规律及其在人工湿地中的去除研究[D].重庆:重庆大学,2014:107-110Yan Q.Transportation and distribution of typical pharmaceutical active compounds in the water system of city and their removal in constructed wetland system(CWS)[D].Chongqing:Chongqing University,2014:107-110(in Chinese)
• [10]盛灵慧,陈红瑞,霍英斌,等.液相色谱串联质谱同位素稀释法测定污水中卡马西平[J].中国测试,2015(5):46-49Sheng L H,Chen H R,Huo Y B,et al.An isotope dilution liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method for determination of carbamazepine in wastewater[J].China Measurement and Test,2015(5):46-49(in Chinese)
• [11]胡金龙.典型PPCPs在污水处理厂中的迁移转化规律研究[D].上海:东华大学,2014:47-48Hu J L.Occurrence and removal of typical pharmaceuticals and personal care products(PPCPs)in a wastewater treatment plant[D].Shanghai:Donghua University,2014:47-48(in Chinese)
• [12]袁圣柳.典型精神病药物在污水处理厂的存在与去除[D].兰州:兰州大学,2012:48-52Yuan S L.Occurrence and remove of typical psychiatric pharmaceuticals in wastewater treatment plants[D].Lanzhou:Lanzhou University,2012:48-52(in Chinese)
• [13]丁紫荣,贺德春,万大娟,等.中型污水处理厂中药物和个人护理品的分布与去除[J].环境工程学报,2015(3):1247-1252Ding Z R,He D C,Wan D J,et al.Occurrence and removal of pharmaceuticals and personal care production by medium-sized sewage treatment plants[J].Chinese Journal of Environmental Engineering,2015(3):1247-1252(in Chinese)
• [14]Clara M,Strenn B,Kreuzinger N.Carbamazepine as a possible anthropogenic marker in the aquatic environment:Investigations on the behaviour of carbamazepine in wastewater treatment and during groundwater infiltration[J].Water Research,2004,38(4):947-954
• [15]Bernot M J,Becker J C,Doll J,et al.A national reconnaissance of trace organic compounds(TOCs)in UnitedStates lotic ecosystems[J].Science of the Total Environment,2016,572:422-433
• [16]Wolf L,Zwiener C,Zemann M.Tracking artificial sweeteners and pharmaceuticals introduced into urban groundwater by leaking sewer networks[J].Science of the Total Environment,2012,430:8-19
• [17]Dalkmann P,Siebe C,Amelung W,et al.Does long-term irrigation with untreated wastewater accelerate the dissipation of pharmaceuticals in soil?[J].Environmental Science&Technology,2014,48(9):4963-4970
• [18]Ferrari B,Paxeus N,Lo Giudice R,et al.Ecotoxicological impact of pharmaceuticals found in treated wastewaters:Study of carbamazepine,clofibric acid,and diclofenac[J].Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety,2003,56(3):359-370
• [19]Cleuvers M.Aquatic ecotoxicity of pharmaceuticals including the assessment of combination effects[J].Toxicology Letters,2003,142(3):185-194
• [20]Fent K,Weston A A,Caminada D.Ecotoxicology of human pharmaceuticals[J].Aquatic Toxicology,2006,78(2):122-159
• [21]Jarvis A L,Bernot M J,Bernot R J.The effects of the psychiatric drug carbamazepine on freshwater invertebrate communities and ecosystem dynamics[J].Science of the Total Environment,2014,496:461-470
• [22]Mitchell S M,Ullman J L.Removal of phosphorus,BOD,and pharmaceuticals by rapid rate sand filtration and ultrafiltration systems[J].Journal of Environmental Engineering,2016,142(6):600-611
• [23]Zhou H,Liu J,Xia H,et al.Removal and reduction of selected organic micro-pollutants in effluent sewage by the ozone-based oxidation processes[J].Chemical Engineering Journal,2015,269:245-254
• [24]Soufan M,Deborde M,Delmont A,et al.Aqueous chlorination of carbamazepine:Kinetic study and transformation product identification[J].Water Research,2013,47(14):5076-5087
• [25]Zimmermann S G,Wittenwiler M,Hollender J,et al.Kinetic assessment and modeling of an ozonation step for full-scale municipal wastewater treatment:Micropollutant oxidation,by-product formation and disinfection[J].Water Research,2011,45(2):605-617
• [26]Adams C,Wang Y,Loftin K,et al.Removal of antibiotics from surface and distilled water in conventional water treatment processes[J].Journal of Environmental Engineering-ASCE,2002,128(3):253-260
• [27]姜蕾,谢丽,周琪,等.水处理中微量抗生素去除的研究及进展[J].中国给水排水,2010,18:18-22Jiang L,Xie L,Zhou Q,et al.Research and progress in removal of trace antibiotics from sewage and drinking water[J].China Water and Wastewater,2010,18:18-22(in Chinese)
• [28]Hampel D,York E R,Allen L H.Ultra-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass-spectrometry(UPLCMS/MS)for the rapid,simultaneous analysis of thiamin,riboflavin,flavin adenine dinucleotide,nicotinamide and pyridoxal in human milk[J].Journal of Chromatography B-Analytical Technologies in the Biomedical and Life Sciences,2012,903:7-13
• [29]孙傅,陈吉宁,佟庆远,等.给水处理厂预氯化工艺概率机理模型研究[J].环境科学,2006(4):665-668Sun F,Chen J N,Tong Q Y,et al.Developing a statistical conceptual model for pre-chlorination process in waterworks[J].Environmental Science,2006(4):665-668(in Chinese)
• [30]邓义祥,陈吉宁,杜鹏飞.HSY算法在水质模型参数识别中的应用探讨[J].上海环境科学,2002(8):497-500Deng Y X,Chen J N,Du P F.Approach on application of HSY algorithm to parameter identification of water quality model[J].Shanghai Environmental Sciences,2002(8):497-500(in Chinese)
• [31]王铜,孙傅,曾思育,等.北京市污水处理厂出水中雌二醇的概率生态风险评价[J].生态毒理学报,2015,10(1):271-280Wang T,Sun F,Zeng S Y,et al.Probabilistic ecological risk assessment of estradiol in the effluents of wastewater treatment plants in Beijing[J].Asian Journal of Ecotoxicology,2015,10(1):271-280(in Chinese)
• [32]Rosal R,Rodríguez A,Perdigón-Melón J A,et al.Occurrence of emerging pollutants in urban wastewater and their removal through biological treatment followed by ozonation[J].Water Research,2010,44(2):578-588
• [33]Stamatis N K,Konstantinou I K.Occurrence and removal of emerging pharmaceutical,personal care compounds and caffeine tracer in municipal sewage treatment plant in Western Greece[J].Journal of Environmental Science and Health Part B-Pesticides Food Contaminants and Agricultural Wastes,2013,48:800-813
• [34]Yang B,Kookana R S,Williams M,et al.Removal of carbamazepine in aqueous solutions through solar photolysis of free available chlorine[J].Water Research,2016,100:413-420
• [35]Okuda T,Kobayashi Y,Nagao R,et al.Removal efficiency of 66 pharmaceuticals during wastewater treatment process in Japan[J].Water Science and Technology,2008,57(1):65-71
• [36]Huber M M,Gobel A,Joss A,et al.Oxidation of pharmaceuticals during ozonation of municipal wastewater effluents:A pilot study[J].Environmental Science and Technology,2005,39(11):4290-4299
• [37]Hoigne J,Bader H.Ozonation of water-kinetics of oxidation of ammonia by ozone and hydroxyl radicals[J].Environmental Science and Technology,1978,12(1):79-84
• [38]Deborde M,von Gunten U.Reactions of chlorine with inorganic and organic compounds during water treatmentKinetics and mechanisms:A critical review[J].Water Research,2008,42(1-2):13-51
• [39]Haas C N,Karra S B.Kinetics of wastewater chlorine demand exertion[J].Journal Water Pollution Control Federation,1984,56(2):170-173