田琪;张光贵;谢意南;莫永涛;

• 1:湖南省洞庭湖生态环境监测中心

摘要(Abstract)：

尽管针对洞庭湖沉积物中重金属的研究工作较多,但缺乏针对其主要入湖口的研究。基于2014年12月和2015年6月对洞庭湖主要入湖口表层沉积物中重金属调查,分析了重金属含量的时空分布特征,并采用一致性沉积物质量基准法对其生态风险进行了评价。结果表明,Cd、Hg、As、Cu、Pb和Zn的平均含量分别为3.27、0.190、27.10、39.8、38.0和157.8 mg·kg-1,其大小顺序为Zn>Cu>Pb>As>Cd>Hg,Cd和As含量出现超过土壤环境质量三级标准的现象,是主要的重金属污染物。Cd、As、Pb和Zn等4种重金属含量的最高值均出现在湘江入湖口,Cu含量的最高值出现在资水入湖口,Hg含量以沅江入湖口最高,除Pb外,其他5种重金属在湘江和资水入湖口的含量均大于平均值,表明湘江和资水入湖口污染较为严重;汛期与非汛期6种重金属的含量均无显著性差异(P>0.05)。6种重金属生态风险大小顺序为As>Cd>Zn>Pb>Cu>Hg,各入湖口生态风险大小顺序为湘江入湖口>资水入湖口>沅江入湖口>汨罗江入湖口>澧水入湖口>长江"三口">新墙河入湖口,其中湘江和资水入湖口为较高生态风险,其他入湖口为较低生态风险。入湖河流是洞庭湖湖体沉积物重金属污染的主要来源,在一定程度上,入湖河流沉积物中重金属的含量对洞庭湖湖体沉积物中重金属污染状况起着决定性作用,因此,洞庭湖流域重金属污染防控应以入湖河流为主,其中尤以湘江和资水为重点。

关键词(KeyWords)： 重金属;生态风险;洞庭湖;入湖口;一致性沉积物质量基准;时空分布

Abstract:

Keywords:

基金项目(Foundation): 2015年湖南省环境保护厅重点专项(洞庭湖区环境污染现状调查)

作者(Author): 田琪;张光贵;谢意南;莫永涛;

Email:

DOI:

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