梅承芳;梁慧君;周小翠;田亚静;邓桂荣;许玫英;栾天罡;曾国驱;

• 1:广东省微生物研究所
• 2:广东省菌种保藏与应用重点实验室
• 3:广东省微生物研究所
• 4:省部共建华南应用微生物国家重点实验室

摘要(Abstract)：

为有效控制防污漆中杀生物活性物质给海洋环境带来的不利影响,亟需开展活性物质的环境风险评估研究,为筛选环境友好型活性物质提供依据。以25种国产防污漆中的铜为评估对象,采用防污漆活性物质环境风险评估的针对性方法,分步进行暴露评估、危害性评估和风险表征。暴露评估采用海洋防污剂预测环境浓度模型(MAMPEC)中的港口、码头和开阔海域等典型暴露场景;危害性评估基于铜对淡水和海水水生生物的慢性毒性数据,采用物种敏感度分布法和评估因子法;风险表征采用熵值法。结果表明,铜对全部水生生物和海水生物的预测无效应浓度分别为2.8和2.3μg·L~(-1),藻类对铜最为敏感。除1种配方外,其余24种防污漆配方中铜的风险熵均小于1,可判定铜为"相对低风险"类活性物质,使用上述防污漆时铜对生态环境造成的风险较小。铜在不同暴露场景中的环境风险分析表明其对水流交换较弱海域的码头造成的风险最大,其次是默认港口和码头,对于公海造成的风险最小。根据现有的评估结果,设计含铜型防污漆配方时,应使铜的释放速率不大于33.5μg·cm~(-2)·d~(-1),以避免对较封闭海域的生态环境造成不可忽视的风险。

关键词(KeyWords)： 铜;海洋环境风险评估;防污漆活性物质;物种敏感度分布法;典型暴露场景;环境预测浓度;预测无效应浓度

Abstract:

Keywords:

基金项目(Foundation): 全球环境基金(GEF)中国用于防污漆生产的滴滴涕替代项目之环境保护领域化学品管理防污漆活性物质环境风险评估机构能力建设子项目;; 广东省海洋经济创新发展区域示范专项(No GD2012-D01-002);; 广东省科技计划项目(2013B090800004)

作者(Author): 梅承芳;梁慧君;周小翠;田亚静;邓桂荣;许玫英;栾天罡;曾国驱;

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