上海市典型污水处理厂污泥浸出液的化学和毒性评价Chemical and Toxic Evaluation of Sewage Sludge Leachate from Representative STPs in Shanghai
李娟英;苏磊;崔昱;陈洁芸;李振华;
摘要(Abstract):
为了研究污水污泥在海洋环境中释放带来的生态风险,在分析上海7处典型污水处理厂污水污泥浸出液中重金属与溶解性有机碳的基础上,使用黑鲷,卤虫,三角褐指藻,纤细角毛藻和小球藻研究污水污泥浸出液对海洋生物的急性毒性作用和生长抑制作用。化学分析结果表明,所有样点的污水污泥浸出液中重金属总量均低于中国(GB5085.3-2007)与欧盟(EN12457.2-2002)关于危险废弃物的鉴别标准,但溶解性有机碳(DOC)含量超过欧盟标准1个数量级。毒性实验结果表明,黑鲷幼鱼对污水污泥浸出液的敏感性最强,其次是海洋微藻,卤虫无节幼体的敏感性较低;毒性综合分析结果表明,S2和S3点的污水污泥浸出液对海洋生物的综合生物毒性相对最高,而S4,S5的综合生物毒性最低,其中接纳污水为工业污水,且有机质与硫化物含量较低的污水污泥浸出液对海洋生物的综合生物毒性较低。
关键词(KeyWords): 污水污泥;浸出液;重金属;急性毒性;生长抑制
基金项目(Foundation): 国家海洋局公益项目子课题(201105010-10)
作者(Author): 李娟英;苏磊;崔昱;陈洁芸;李振华;
Email:
DOI:
参考文献(References):
- [1]张义安,高定,陈同斌,等.城市污泥不同处理处置方式的成本和效益分析-以北京为例[J].生态环境,2006,15(2):234-238Zhang Y A,Gao D,Chen T B,et al.Economical evaluation of different techniques to treatment and dispose sewage sludge in Beijing[J].Ecology and Environment,2006,15(2):234-238(in Chinese)
- [2]申荣艳,骆永明,章钢娅,等.长江三角洲地区城市污泥中多氯联苯和有机氯农药含量与组分研究[J].土壤,2006,38(5):539-546Shen R Y,Luo Y M,Zhang G Y,et al.PCBs and OCPs in municipal sludges from Yangtze River delta area[J].Soils,2006,38(5):539-546(in Chinese)
- [3]Nicholson F A,Smith S R,Alloway B J,et al.An inventory of heavy metals inputs to agricultural soils in England and Wales[J].Science of the Total Environment,2003,311(1-3):205-219
- [4]Fuentes A,Lloréns M,Sáez J.et al.Ecotoxicity,phytotox-icity and extractability of heavy metals from different stabilised sewage sludges[J].Environmental Pollution,2006,143(2):355-360
- [5]申荣艳,骆永明,孙玉焕,等.长江三角洲地区城市污泥的综合生物毒性研究[J].生态与农村环境学报,2006,22(2):54-58Shen R Y,Luo Y M,Sun Y H,et al.Synthetic biological toxicity of municipal sludges from the Yangtze River delta region,Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment,2006,22(2):54-58,70(in Chinese)
- [6]崔玉霞,金洪钧,尚惠华,等.城市综合污水处理厂污泥对Daphnia magna的急性毒性与毒物特征[J].环境污染与防治,2002,24(6):342-346Cui Y S,Jin H J,Shang H H,et al.The acute toxicity of municipal sewage sludge to Daphnia magna and toxicant characteristics[J].Environmental Pollution&Control,2002,24(6):342-346(in Chinese)
- [7]Moreno-Garrido I,Lubián L M,Blasco J.Sediment toxicity tests involving immobilized microalgae(Phaeodactylum tricornutum Bohlin)[J].Environment International,2007,33(4):481-485
- [8]王丽平,郑丙辉,孟伟.多环芳烃对卤虫无节幼体的光诱导毒性[J].环境科学学报,2008,28(4):748-754Wang L P,Zheng B H,Meng W.Photo-induced toxicity of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons to the Brine Shrimp Artemia Salina nauplii[J].Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae,2008,28(4):748-754(in Chinese)
- [9]闫爱菊,吴惠仙,薛俊增.纤细角毛藻种群增长最适培养因子研究[J].水产养殖,2009,30(4):38-40Yan A J,Wu H X,Xue J Z.The Research of optimal factors on the growth of Chaetoceros gracilis population[J].Journal of Aquaculture,2009,30(4):38-40(in Chinese)
- [10]Saan M T,Balcogˇlu I A.A case study on algal response to raw and treated effluents from an aluminum plating plant and a pharmaceutical plant[J].Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety,2006,64(2):234-243
- [11]Lors C,Ponge J F,Aldaya M M,et al.Comparison of solid and liquid-phase bioassays using ecoscores to assess contaminated soils[J].Environmental Pollution,2011,159(10):2974-2981
- [12]高磊,李兆利,陈辉辉,等.染织排水对日本青鳉幼鱼和胚胎的毒性效应[J].生态毒理学报,2011,6(3):303-309Gao L,Li Z L,Chen H H,et al.Toxicity of dye effluent on Japanese Medaka(Oryzias latipes)embryo and larava[J].Asian Journal of Ecotoxicology,2011,6(3):303-407(in Chinese)
- [13]晁敏,伦凤霞,王云龙,等.长江口南支沉积物对卤虫的毒性效应研究[J].生态环境学报,2010,19(5):1020-1024Chao M,Lun F X,Wang Y L,et al.Study on the sediments toxicity of south branch of Yangtze River estuary to Artemia salina[J].Ecology and Environment,2010,19(5):1020-1024(in Chinese)
- [14]杨军,郭广慧,陈同斌,等.中国城市污泥的重金属含量及其变化趋势[J].中国给水排水,2009,25(13):122-124Yang J,Guo G H,Chen T B,et al.Concentrations and variation of heavy metals in municipal sludge of China[J].China Water&Wastewater,2009,25(13):122-124(in Chinese)
- [15]傅金祥,沙明卓,于鹏飞,等.污水污泥中重金属形态介析研究[J].给水排水,2010,36(增刊):119-121Fu J X,Sha M Z,Yu P F,et al.The analysis of heavy metal in sewage sludge[J].Water&Wastewater Engineering,2010,36(supplement):119-121(in Chinese)
- [16]戴树桂.环境化学[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2006:226-227
- [17]Costello M J,Read P.Toxicity of sewage sludge to marine organisms:A review[J].Marine Envtronmental Research,1994,37(1):23-46
- [18]李纯厚,林燕棠,杨美兰,等.南方某港疏浚淤泥溶出液对海洋浮游动物的毒性实验[J].热带海洋,1998,17(1):71-75Li C H,Lin H T,Yang M L,et al.Study on the dredged sludge toxicity of a south harbor to marine zooplankton[J].Journal of Tropical Oceanography,1998,17(1):71-75(in Chinese)
- [19]伦凤霞,晁敏.长江口南支沉积物浸出液对三角褐指藻的毒性效应研究[J].上海环境科学,2011,30(4):147-149Lun F X,Chao M.A study on the toxicity of elutriate of sediment from south branch of Yangtze river estuary to microalgae Phaeodactylum tricornutum[J].Shanghai Environmental Science,2011,30(4):147-149(in Chinese)
- [20]战玉杰,杨茹君,王修林,等.Hg(II)和Pb(II)对海洋单细胞藻的急性毒性效应[J].生态毒理学报,2011,6(5):523-531Zhan Y J,Yang R J,Wang X L,et al.Acute toxic wffect of Hg(II)and Pb(II)on marine unicellular algae[J].Asian Journal of Ecotoxicology,2011,6(5):523-531(in Chinese)
- [21]陈海柳,潘纲,闫海,等.六价铬抑制淡水蓝绿藻生长的毒性效应[J].环境科学,2003,24(2):13-18Chen H L,Pan G,Yan H,et al.Toxic effects of hexavalent chromium on the growth of blue green microalgae[J].Chi-nese Journal of Environmental Science,2003,24(2):13-18(in Chinese)
- [22]张计涛.油污染对发光细菌和卤虫的急性毒性效应研究[D].辽宁:大连海事大学,2007:50-51.Zhang J T.Research on acute toxicity of spilling oils to Photobacterium phosphoreum T spp and Artemia[D].Liao Ning,Dalian Maritime University,2007:50-51
- [23]Dong S J,Zhou W L.Response of growth and development of Artemia saline to four kinds of heavy metals stress[J].Procedia Environmental Sciences,2012,12(B):1164-1171
- [24]Mantis I,Voutsa D,Samara C.Assessment of the environmental hazard from municipal and industrial wastewater treatment sludge by employing chemical and biological methods[J].Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety,2005,62(3):397-407