许华;谢璨;魏宇昆;黄艳波;林雪君;

• 1:北京师范大学珠海分校工程技术学院
• 2:上海辰山植物园中国科学院上海辰山植物科学研究中心

摘要(Abstract)：

为探究2种具有较高药用和观赏价值的鼠尾草对酸雨的耐受性及其生理机制,以美丽鼠尾草(Salvia meiliensis S.W.Su)和贵州鼠尾草(Salvia cavaleriei Lévl.)为试验材料,分析了2种鼠尾草在不同p H(6.8、5.6、4.5、3.5和2.5)模拟酸雨胁迫下伤害等级、叶绿素含量、抗氧化酶活性以及丙二醛和有机渗透调节物质含量的变化。结果显示:模拟酸雨对美丽鼠尾草的伤害程度高于贵州鼠尾草;随着p H的下降,2种鼠尾草叶片叶绿素a、b和总含量逐渐降低,但贵州鼠尾草叶片叶绿素a、b和总含量高于美丽鼠尾草,并以较高的叶绿素a/b适应模拟酸雨胁迫;2种鼠尾草在模拟酸雨胁迫下产生了适应性反应,表现为叶片可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白和脯氨酸含量以及超氧化物歧化酶和过氧化物酶活性的升高,但这一适应性反应被降低的过氧化氢酶活性严重削弱;模拟酸雨胁迫下,贵州鼠尾草叶片SOD、POD和CAT活性均高于美丽鼠尾草,叶片MDA含量低于美丽鼠尾草。研究表明,尽管美丽鼠尾草渗透调节能力很强,但其抗氧化酶活性、叶绿素含量和叶绿素a/b都低于贵州鼠尾草,使其膜脂过氧化程度较高、对光能的吸收和转化效率较低,是其对模拟酸雨的耐受性低于贵州鼠尾草的重要原因。

关键词(KeyWords)： 模拟酸雨;鼠尾草;抗氧化酶;渗透调节;叶绿素

Abstract:

Keywords:

基金项目(Foundation): 中国科学院战略生物资源科技支撑体系运行专项(ZSZY-001);; 上海市绿化和市容局辰山专项(G162408)

作者(Author): 许华;谢璨;魏宇昆;黄艳波;林雪君;

Email:

参考文献(References)：

• [1]解淑艳,王瑞斌,郑皓皓.2005-2011年全国酸雨状况分析[J].环境监控与预警,2012,4(5):33-37Xie S Y,Wang R B,Zheng H H.Analysis on the acid rain from 2005 to 2011 in China[J].Environment Monitoring and Forewarning,2012,4(5):33-37(in Chinese)
• [2]刘萍,夏菲,潘家乐,等.中国酸雨概况及防治对策探讨[J].环境科学与管理,2011,36(12):30-35Liu P,Xia F,Pan J L,et al.Discuss on present situation and countermeasures for acid rain prevention and control in China[J].Environmental Science and Management,2011,36(12):30-35(in Chinese)
• [3]Huntington T G,Hooper R P,Johnson C E,et al.Calcium depletion in a southeastern United States ecosystem[J].Soil Science Society of America Journal,2000,64(5):1845-1858
• [4]Dolatabadian A,Sanavy S A M M,Gholamhoseini M,et al.The role of calcium in improving photosynthesis and related physiological and biochemical attributes of spring wheat subjected to simulated acid rain[J].Physiology and Molecular Biology of Plants,2013,19(2):189-198
• [5]Hu H Q,Wang L H,Liao C Y,et al.Combined effects of lead and acid rain on photosynthesis in soybean seedlings[J].Biological Trace Element Research,2014,161(1):136-142
• [6]谢寅峰,杨万红,陆美蓉,等.模拟酸雨胁迫下硅对髯毛箬竹光合特性的影响[J].应用生态学报,2008,19(6):1179-1184Xie Y F,Yang W H,Lu M R,et al.Effects of silicon onphotosynthetic characteristics of Indocalamus barbatus under simulated acid rain stress[J].Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology,2008,19(6):1179-1184(in Chinese)
• [7]金清,江洪,余树全,等.酸雨胁迫对苦槠幼苗气体交换与叶绿素荧光的影响[J].植物生态学报,2010,34(9):1117-1124Jin Q,Jiang H,Yu S Q,et al.Effect of acid rain stress on gas exchange and chlorophyll fluorescence of Castanopsis sclerophylla seedlings[J].Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology,2010,34(9):1117-1124(in Chinese)
• [8]Shan Y.Effects of simulated acid rain on Pinus densiflora:Inhibition of net photosynthesis by the pheophytization of chlorophyll[J].Water,Air,and Soil Pollution,1998,103(1):121-127
• [9]Yu J Q,Ye S F,Huang L F.Effects of simulated acid precipitation on photosynthesis,chlorophyll fluorescence,and antioxidative enzymes in Cucumis sativus L.[J].Photosynthetica,2002,40(3):331-335
• [10]郑飞翔,温达志,旷远文.模拟酸雨对柚木幼苗生长、光合和水分利用效率的影响[J].热带亚热带植物学报,2006,14(2):93-99Zheng F X,Wen D Z,Kuang Y W.Effects of simulatedacid rain on the growth,photosynthesis and water use efficiency in Tectona grandis[J].Journal of Tropical and Subtropical Botany,2006,14(2):93-99(in Chinese)
• [11]李佳,江洪,余树全,等.模拟酸雨胁迫对青冈幼苗光合特性和叶绿素荧光参数的影响[J].应用生态学报,2009,20(9):2092-2096Li J,Jiang H,Yu S Q,et al.Effects of simulated acid rain on Quercus glauca seedlings photosynthesis and chlorophyll fluorescence[J].Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology,2009,20(9):2092-2096(in Chinese)
• [12]袁远爽,肖娟,胡艳.模拟酸雨对白簕叶片抗氧化酶活性及叶绿素荧光参数的影响[J].植物生理学报,2014,50(6):758-764Yuan Y S,Xiao J,Hu Y.Effects of simulated acid rain on antioxidant enzyme activities and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters in leaves of Acanthopanax trifoliatus[J].Plant Physiology Journal,2014,50(6):758-764(in Chinese)
• [13]张光生,顾苏云,胡捷,等.30种草本观赏植物对模拟酸雨的反应[J].中国生态农业学报,2007,15(2):104-107Zhang G S,Gu S Y,Hu J,et al.Response of thirty species of herbaceous ornamental plants to simulated acid rain[J].Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture,2007,15(2):104-107(in Chinese)
• [14]宋莉英,柯展鸿,孙兰兰,等.模拟酸雨对3种菊科入侵植物光合特性的影响[J].植物学报,2013,48(2):160-167Song L Y,Ke Z H,Sun L L,et al.Effect of simulated acid rain on gas exchanges of three compositae invasive plants[J].Chinese Bulletin of Botany,2013,48(2):160-167(in Chinese)
• [15]中国科学院中国植物志编辑委员会.中国植物志[M].北京:科学出版社,1977:66
• [16]许华,梁春虹,赵美棠,等.2种鼠尾草对Na Cl胁迫的耐受性比较及其生理机制研究[J].西北植物学报,2016,36(3):558-564Xu H,Liang C H,Zhao M T,et al.Comparison of tolerance to Na Cl stress between two Salvia plants and study of physiological mechanisms[J].Acta Botanica BorealiOccidentalia Sinica,2016,36(3):558-564(in Chinese)
• [17]赵则海.模拟酸雨对五爪金龙幼苗光合生理特性的影响[J].生态环境学报,2014,23(9):1498-1502Zhao Z H.Effects of simulated acid rain on photosynthetic physiology characteristics of Ipomoea cairica seeding[J].Ecology and Environmental Sciences,2014,23(9):1498-1502(in Chinese)
• [18]陈小云,罗春旺,刘琪璟,等.南昌近地层臭氧分布及其对敏感木本植物叶片的伤害[J].植物科学学报,2016,34(2):211-219Chen X Y,Luo C W,Liu Q J,et al.Tropospheric ozone distribution and injury on leaves of sensitive woody plants in Nanchang City,China[J].Plant Science Journal,2016,34(2):211-219(in Chinese)
• [19]陈建勋,王晓峰.植物生理学实验指导[M].广州:华南理工大学出版社,2006:24-84
• [20]李合生,孙群,赵世杰,等.植物生理生化实验原理和技术[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2000:165-260
• [21]王金龙,赵念席,徐华,等.不同地理种群大针茅生理生化特征的研究[J].草业学报,2011,20(5):42-48Wang J L,Zhao N X,Xu H,et al.A study on the physiological and biochemical characters of different Stipa grandis geographical populations[J].Acta Prataculturae Sinica,2011,20(5):42-48(in Chinese)
• [22]项锡娜,陈泰豪,吴月燕,等.盐胁迫对红叶石楠‘鲁班’生理生化特征及叶片显微结构的影响[J].植物生理学报,2014,50(7):917-924Xiang X N,Chen T H,Wu Y Y,et al.Effects of salt stress on physio-biochemical characteristics and leaf microstructure in Photinia glabra‘Rubens’seedlings[J].Plant Physiology Journal,2014,50(7):917-924(in Chinese)
• [23]祁娟,徐柱,王海清,等.旱作条件下披碱草属植物叶的生理生化特征分析[J].草业学报,2009,18(1):39-45Qi J,Xu Z,Wang H Q,et al.Physiological and biochemical analysis of the leaves of Elymus under dry farming conditions[J].Acta Prataculturae Sinica,2009,18(1):39-45(in Chinese)
• [24]Fadzilla N M,Finch R P,Burdon R H.Salinity,oxidative stress and antioxidant responses in shoot cultures of rice[J].Journal of Experiment Botany,1997,48(2):325-331
• [25]Velikova V,Yordanova I,Edrevab A.Oxidative stress and some antioxidant systems in acid rain-treated bean plants:Protective role of exogenous polyamines[J].Plant Science,2000,151(1):59-66
• [26]Zhang Q,Zhang J Z,Chow W S,et al.The influence of low temperature on photosynthesis and antioxidant enzymes in sensitive banana and tolerant plantain(Musa sp.)cultivars[J].Photosynthetica,2011,49(2):201-208
• [27]Gossett D R,Millhollon E P,Lucas M C.Antioxidant response to Na Cl stress in salt-tolerant and salt-sensitive cultivar of cotton[J].Crop Science,1994,34(3):706-714
• [28]Koricheva J,Roy S,Vranjic J A,et al.Antioxidant re-sponses to simulated acid rain and heavy metal deposition in birch seedlings[J].Environmental Pollution,1997,95(2):249-258
• [29]Quarrie S A,Stojanovi'c J,Peki'c S.Improving drought resistance in small-grained cereals:A case study,progress and prospects[J].Plant Growth Regulation,1999,29(1):1-21
• [30]Franca M G C,Thi A T P,Pimentel C,et al.Differences in growth and water relations among Phaseolus vulgaris cultivars in response to induced drought stress[J].Environmental and Experimental Botany,2000,43(3):227-237
• [31]王琰,陈建文,狄晓艳.水分胁迫下不同油松种源SOD、POD、MDA及可溶性蛋白比较研究[J].生态环境学报,2011,20(10):1449-1453Wang Y,Chen J W,Di X Y.A comparative study on the SOD,POD,MDA and dissoluble protein of six provenances of Chinese pine(Pinus tabulaeformis Carr.)under water stress[J].Ecology and Environmental Sciences,2011,20(10):1449-1453(in Chinese)