黄博珠;何瑞;孙凯峰;段舜山;徐宁;

• 1:暨南大学生态学系水生生物研究所
• 2:珠江水利科学研究院
• 3:环境保护部华南环境科学研究所

摘要(Abstract)：

近年来,内陆和近海水体中的一种典型环境激素邻苯二甲酸二丁酯(DBP)含量显著上升,但其对海洋生态系统的影响并不明确。本研究选取7种海洋微藻为实验材料,包括1种甲藻(东海原甲藻Prorocentrum donghaiense),2种定鞭藻(小普林藻Prymesium parvum和球形棕囊藻Phaeocystis globosa),2种硅藻(中肋骨条藻Skeletonema costatum和三角褐指藻Phaeodactylum tricornutum),以及1种隐藻(红胞藻Rhodomonus salina)和1种绿藻(海洋小球藻Chlorella sp.),设置5个DBP暴露浓度(5、10、20、50、100μg·L-1),研究其对海洋微藻生长的影响,并探索DBP暴露对微藻抗氧化系统和光合系统的影响。结果表明:在所有暴露组中,球形棕囊藻、小普林藻、东海原甲藻、红胞藻、海洋小球藻生长速率显著增加;5~20μg·L-1的DBP暴露下中肋骨条藻不受影响,50、100μg·L-1下受到抑制;所有DBP暴露组对三角褐指藻没有显著影响。在50μg·L-1DBP暴露下,随着时间的延长,球形棕囊藻的SOD、CAT、MDA均表现出先升高后下降的趋势,第7天藻的叶绿素a、叶绿素b,类胡萝卜素含量较对照组分别增加了23%、10%、48%,球形棕囊藻光系统II(PSII)的最大光能转化效率(Fv/Fm)、PSII的潜在活性(Fv/F0)、光合性能指数PI分别增加了4.8%、16%、69%。研究发现DBP对海洋微藻的影响具有种间差异性,能够显著促进有害赤潮藻球形棕囊藻的生长,近岸水体DBP含量的增加可能改变浮游植物群落组成,进而增加有害藻华暴发的风险。

关键词(KeyWords)： 邻苯二甲酸二丁酯;海洋微藻;生长速率;超氧化物歧化酶(SOD);过氧化氢酶(CAT);丙二醛(MDA);光合色素

Abstract:

Keywords:

基金项目(Foundation): 国家自然科学基金项目(41576159,21307140,U1133003)

作者(Author): 黄博珠;何瑞;孙凯峰;段舜山;徐宁;

Email:

参考文献(References)：

• [1]Staples C A,Adams W J,Parkerton T F,et al.Aquatic toxicity of eighteen phthalate esters[J].Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry,1997,16(5):875-891
• [2]刘慧杰,舒为群.邻苯二甲酸酯类化合物的毒理学效应及对人群健康的危害[J].第三军医大学学报,2005,26(19):1778-1781Liu H J,Shu W Q.Toxicological effect and risks of phthalate acid esters on the health of population[J].Academlae Medicinae Militaris Tertiae,2005,26(19):1778-1781(in Chinese)
• [3]任仁.警惕邻苯二甲酸酯污染[J].大学化学,2003,18(6):33-36
• [4]刘春晓.DBP对铜绿微囊藻生长和抗氧化酶的影响[D].南京:南京农业大学,2013Liu C X.Effec ts of di-butyl phthalate on grow th and enzym atic antioxidants of Mic roc ytis aeruginosa[D].Nanjing:Nanjing Agric ultural University,2 0 1 3(in Chinese)
• [5]白璐,姬亚芹,莫笑萍,等.水中邻苯二甲酸酯的研究进展[J].给水排水,2010,36(6):121-124
• [6]陆洋,袁东星,邓永智.九龙江水源水及其出厂水邻苯二甲酸酯污染调查[J].环境与健康杂志,2007(9):703-705Lu Y,Yuan D X,Deng Y Z.Investigation of Jiulong Riverwater source pol ution by phthalates[J].Journal of Environment and Health,2007(9):703-705(in Chinese)
• [7]张付海,张敏,朱余.合肥市饮用水和水源水中邻苯二甲酸酯的污染现状调查[J].环境监测管理与技术,2008(2):22-24
• [8]叶常明,魏爱雪.水体有机污染的原理研究方法及应用[M].北京:海洋出版社,1990:202-204
• [9]庄婉娥,姚文松,汪夏霞,等.泉州湾海水及沉积物中邻苯二甲酸酯的分布及化学组成[J].环境与健康杂志,2011,28(10):898-902Zhuang W E,Yao W S,Wang X X,et al.Distribution and chemical composition of phthalate esters in seawater and sediments in Quanzhou Bay,China[J].Journal of Environment and Health,2011,28(10):898-902(in Chinese)
• [10]贺涛,许振成,魏东洋,等.珠江流域湖库型水源集水区酞酸酯(PAEs)类污染物环境健康风险评估[J].生态与农村环境学报,2014,30(6):699-705He T,Xu Z C,Wei D Y,et al.Environmental health risk assessment of phthalic acid esters like pol utants in reservoir or lake type water source catchments in the Pearl River Basin[J].Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment,2014,30(6):699-705(in Chinese)
• [11]李婷.珠江河口水体和沉积物中6种邻苯二甲酸酯污染及初步风险评价[D].广州:暨南大学,2014Li T.Pollution levels and risk assessment of 6 priority phthalate esters in water and sediments from estuaries of the Pearl River Delta[D].Guangzhou:Jinan University,2014(in Chinese)
• [12]Howard P H,Boethling R S,Jarvis W F,et al.Handbook of environmental degradation rates[M].CRC Press,1991
• [13]胡芹芹,熊丽,田裴秀子,等.邻苯二甲酸二丁酯(DBP)对斜生栅藻的致毒效应研究[J].生态毒理学报,2008,3(1):87-92Hu Q Q,Xiong L,Tianpei X Z,et al.Toxic effects of dibutyl phthalate(DBP)on Scenedesmus obliquus[J].Asian Journal of Ecotoxicology,2008,3(1):87-92(in Chinese)
• [14]Wang Z,Hu F,Song W,et al.Chronic toxic effect of three estrogens to algae(Scenedesmus obliquus)[C]//Human Health and Biomedical Engineering(HHBE).2011 International Conference,IEEE,2011:877-880
• [15]Wang L,Tang L Y,Wei C X,et al.Di-(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate toxic effect on Scenedesmus obliquus evaluated by the biomakers of inhibition rate and pigment content[C]//Bioinformatics and Biomedical Engineering(i CBBE).2010 4th International Conference,IEEE,2010:1-4
• [16]杨慧丽,段舜山.邻苯二甲酸二丁酯对三角褐指藻的生态毒性效应[J].生态环境学报,2010,19(9):2155-2159Yang H L,Duan S S.The ecological toxic effects of dibutyl phthalate on Phaeodactylum tricornutum[J].Ecology and Environmental Sciences,2010,19(9):2155-2159(in Chinese)
• [17]迟杰,刘华,郎铁柱.普通小球藻与DBP的相互作用[J].环境科学与技术,2005,28(2):26-28Chi J,Liu H,Lang T Z.Interaction between dibutyl phthalate and Chlorella vulgaris[J].Environmental Science and Technology,2005,28(2):26-28(in Chinese)
• [18]迟杰,董林林,李金娟.铜绿微囊藻对DBP和DEHP的富集和降解特性[J].天津大学学报,2007,39(12):1395-1398Chi J,Dong L L,Li J J.Characteristics of accumulation and biodegradation of DBP and DEHP in Microcystis aeruginosa[J].Journal of Tianjin University,2006,39(12):1395-1398(in Chinese)
• [19]阎海,雷志芳,叶常明.斜生栅藻降解邻苯二甲酸二甲酯和苯胺的动力学研究[J].环境科学学报,1998,18(2):216-220Yan H,Lei Z F,Ye C M.Kinetics of the biodegradation of dimethyl phthalate and aniline by Scenedesmus obliqnus[J].Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae,1998,18(2):216-220(in Chinese)
• [20]Chen J F,Xu N,Jiang T J,et al.A report of Phaeocystis globosa bloom in coastal water of Southeast China[J].Journal of Jinan University Natural Science and Medicine Edicine,1999,20:124-129
• [21]Wang Y,Qi Y,Li S.Nutritional requirements for the growth of Phaeocystis globosa scherffei[J].Acta Hydrobiologica Sinica,2007,31(1):29
• [22]Force L,Critchley C,van Rensen J J S.New fluorescence parameters for monitoring photosynthesis in plants[J].Photosynthesis Research,2003,78(1):17-33
• [23]汪星.类激素对蓝藻生长的影响及其环境效应研究[D].武汉:华中科技大学,2006Wang X.Effects of generic incretion on the growth of blue-green algae and environment[D].Wuhan:Huangzhong University of Science and Technology,2006(in Chinese)
• [24]Acey R,Healy P,Unger T F,et al.Growth and aggregation behavior of representative phytoplankton as affected by the environmental contaminant di-n-butyl phthalate[J].Bul etin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology,1987,39(1):1-6
• [25]Melin C,Egnéus H.Effects of di-n-butyl phthalate on growth and photosynthesis in algae and on isolated organel es from higher plants[J].Physiologia Plantarum,1983,59(3):461-466
• [26]赵明桥,李攻科,栾天罡,等.SPME-GC-MS法测定海水中PEs及与赤潮关系[J].中山大学学报,2000,39(3):54-58Zhao M Q,Li G K,Luan T G,et al.Determination of phthalic esters in seawater by SPME-GC-MS and the concentration variations of phthalic esters in redtide seawater[J].Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Sunyatseni,2009,39(3):54-58(in Chinese)
• [27]尹永强,胡建斌,邓明军.植物叶片抗氧化系统及其对逆境胁迫的响应研究进展[J].植物生理科学,2007,23(1):105-110Yi Y Q,Hu J B,Deng M J.Latest development of antioxidant system and responses to stress in plant leaves[J].Chinese Agricultural Science Bul etin,2007,23(1):105-110(in Chinese)
• [28]唐海溶.球形棕囊藻的营养生理及两种重要的抗氧化酶-SOD和CAT活性的研究[D].广州:暨南大学,2006Tang H R.The study on nutrient physiology and two important antioxidiant enzyme—SOD and CAT acitvity of Phaeocystis globosa[D].Guangzhou:Jinan University,2006(in Chinese)
• [29]Tripathi B N,Metha S D,Amar A,et al.Oxidative stress in Scenedesmus sp.during short-and long-term exposure to Cu2+and Zn2+[J].Chemosphere,2006,62:538-544
• [30]唐学玺,李永祺.久效磷对海洋微藻毒性机理的初步研究Ⅲ.超氧化物歧化酶和过氧化物酶活性的变化[J].环境科学学报,1998,18(2):204-207Tang X X,Li Y Q.Monocrotophos on marine microalgaeⅢ.Changes of activity of superoxide dismutase and peroxidase[J].Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae,1998,18(2):204-207(in Chinese)
• [31]Alberte R S,Friedman A L,Gustafson D L,et al.Lightharvesting systems of brown algae and diatoms.Isolation and characterization of chlorophyll a/c and chlorophyll a fucoxanthin pigment-protein complexes[J].Biochimica et Biophysica Acta,1981,635(2):304-316
• [32]刘碧云,周培疆,李佳洁,等.丙体六六六对斜生栅藻生长及光合色素和膜脂过氧化影响的研究[J].2006,25(1):204-207Liu B Y,Zhou P J,Li J J,et al.Effects ofγ-HCH on the growth and photosysytem and lipid peroxidation of Scenedesmus Obliqnus Kütz[J].2006,25(1):204-207(in Chinese)