王作铭;陈军;陈静;徐汉杰;

• 1:上海师范大学生命与环境科学学院

摘要(Abstract)：

针对上海地区地表水中混合并持久残留的抗生素对水生态的危害,测试了3种主要被使用的抗生素(磺胺甲恶唑,SMZ;土霉素,OTC;氟苯尼考,FF)对4个不同营养级的水生生物代表种(蛋白核小球藻、费氏弧菌、大型蚤和斑马鱼胚胎)的单一毒性和联合毒性,并进一步对生态风险进行评估来探究抗生素对水生态系统的综合作用。研究表明:水生生物对单一抗生素暴露的毒性敏感顺序为:蛋白核小球藻>斑马鱼胚胎>费氏弧菌>大型蚤。用联合指数(CI)来评价抗生素二元混合物之间的相互作用时发现对于不同水生模式生物,抗生素之间的相互作用方式以拮抗作用(CI>1)为主。通过与浓度加和(CA)和独立作用(IA)2个传统模型的预测效果比较,发现CI模型能准确预测到抗生素联合毒性偏离相加作用。由于养殖废水中这3种抗生素的含量均远高于其他水体(如黄浦江、长江口、工厂废水),其对不同营养级的水生生物均表现出较高的风险性,需要对养殖废水采取相应的风险削减措施;相比之下,其他水体中抗生素对费氏弧菌、斑马鱼胚胎、大型蚤均表现出低风险,但是对蛋白核小球藻仍具有一定的风险性,需要警惕抗生素对水体初级生产者的风险性。

关键词(KeyWords)： 抗生素;水生生物;联合毒性;生态风险评价;CI模型;复合残留

Abstract:

Keywords:

基金项目(Foundation): 国家自然科学基金(31070671);; 上海市科委项目(11440502300)

作者(Author): 王作铭;陈军;陈静;徐汉杰;

Email:

DOI:

参考文献(References)：

• [1]Zhao S,Liu X,Cheng D,et al.Temporal-spatial variation and partitioning prediction of antibiotics in surface water and sediments from the intertidal zones of the Yellow River Delta,China[J].Science of The Total Environment,2016,569-570:1350-1358
• [2]武旭跃,邹华,朱荣,等.太湖贡湖湾水域抗生素污染特征分析与生态风险评价[J].环境科学,2016,37(12):4596-4604Wu X Y,Zou H,Zhu R,et al.Occurrence,distribution and ecological risk of antibiotics in surface water of the Gonghu Bay,Taihu Lake[J].Environmental Science,2016,37(12):4596-4604(in Chinese)
• [3]Guo J,Selby K,Boxall A B A.Assessment of the risks of mixtures of major use veterinary antibiotics in European surface waters[J].Environmental Science&Technology,2016,50(15):8282-8289
• [4]章强,辛琦,朱静敏,等.中国主要水域抗生素污染现状及其生态环境效应研究进展[J].环境化学,2014,33(7):1075-1083Zhang Q,Xin Q,Zhu J M,et al.The antibiotic contaminations in the main water bodies in China and the asso-ciated environmental and human health impacts[J].Environmental Chemistry,2014,33(7):1075-1083(in Chinese)
• [5]徐永刚,宇万太,马强,等.环境中抗生素及其生态毒性效应研究进展[J].生态毒理学报,2015,10(3):11-27Xu Y G,Yu W T,Ma Q,et al.The antibiotic in environment and its ecotoxicity:A review[J].Asian Journal of Ecotoxicology,2015,10(3):11-27(in Chinese)
• [6]Fabbri E.Pharmaceuticals in the environment:Expected and unexpected effects on aquatic fauna[J].Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences,2015,1340(1):20-28
• [7]Trombini C,Hampel M,Blasco J.Evaluation of acute effects of four pharmaceuticals and their mixtures on the copepod Tisbe battagliai[J].Chemosphere,2016,155:319-328
• [8]Nieto E,Hampel M,González-Ortegón E,et al.Influence of temperature on toxicity of single pharmaceuticals and mixtures,in the crustacean A.desmarestii[J].Journal of Hazardous Materials,2016,313:159-169
• [9]González-Pleiter M,Gonzalo S,Rodea-Palomares I,et al.Toxicity of five antibiotics and their mixtures towards photosynthetic aquatic organisms:Implications for environmental risk assessment[J].Water Research,2013,47(6):2050-2064
• [10]王路光,朱晓磊,王靖飞,等.环境水体中的残留抗生素及其潜在风险[J].工业水处理,2009,29(5):10-14Wang L G,Zhu X L,Wang J F,et al.Antibiotic residual in environmental water body and its potential risks[J].Industrial Water Treatment,2009,29(5):10-14(in Chinese)
• [11]Di Nica V,Villa S,Finizio A.Toxicity of individual pharmaceuticals and their mixtures to Aliivibrio fischeri.Evidence of toxicological interactions in binary combinations[J].Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry,2017,36(3):807
• [12]Rodea-Palomares I,Leganés F,Rosal R,et al.Toxicological interactions of perfluorooctane sulfonic acid(PFOS)and perfluorooctanoic acid(PFOA)with selected pollutants[J].Journal of Hazardous Materials,2012,201-202:209-218
• [13]朱婷婷,宋战锋,尹魁浩,等.南方某水库水体中抗生素生态与健康风险研究[J].生态毒理学报,2015,10(5):124-131Zhu T T,Song Z F,Yin K H,et al.Assessments of ecological and health risk induced by antibiotics in source water of a reservoir in a Southern City[J].Asian Journal of Ecotoxicology,2015,10(5):124-131(in Chinese)
• [14]Chou T C.Theoretical basis,experimental design,and computerized simulation of synergism and antagonism in drug combination studies[J].Pharmacological Reviews,2006,58(3):621-681
• [15]Wang Y,Chen C,Qian Y,et al.Toxicity of mixtures ofλ-cyhalothrin,imidacloprid and cadmium on the earthworm Eisenia fetida by combination index(CI)-isobologram method[J].Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety,2015,111:242-247
• [16]Wang Y,Chen C,Qian Y,et al.Ternary toxicological interactions of insecticides,herbicides,and a heavy metal on the earthworm Eisenia fetida[J].Journal of Hazardous Materials,2015,284:233-240
• [17]Chen K,Zhou J L.Occurrence and behavior of antibiotics in water and sediments from the Huangpu River,Shanghai,China[J].Chemosphere,2014,95:604-612
• [18]徐晖.上海地区水体中抗生素类药物的检测及其环境行为研究[D].上海:上海大学,2015:61-62Xu H.Determination of antibiotics in Shanghai and the study of its environmental behavior[D].Shanghai:Shanghai University,2015:61-62(in Chinese)
• [19]Wang H,Wang N,Wang B,et al.Antibiotics detected in urines and adipogenesis in school children[J].Environment International,2016,89-90:204-211
• [20]Wang H,Wang N,Wang B,et al.Antibiotics indrinking water in Shanghai and their contribution to antibiotic exposure of school children[J].Environmental Science&Technology,2016,50(5):2692-2699
• [21]Wu M,Que C,Tang L,et al.Distribution,fate,and risk assessment of antibiotics in five wastewater treatment plants in Shanghai,China[J].Environmental Science and Pollution Research,2016,23(18):18055-18063
• [22]OECD.Test No.201:Freshwater alga and cyanobacteria,growth inhibition test[S].Paris:OECD,2006
• [23]ISO.DIN EN ISO 11348-1-2009 Water quality-Determination of the inhibitory effect of water samples on the light emission of Vibrio fischeri(luminescent bacteria test)-Part 1:Method using freshly prepared bacteria[S].Geneva:ISO,2009
• [24]李翔,潘力,王斌.黄曲霉毒素对费氏弧菌发光的影响[J].微生物学报,2011,51(12):1669-1674Li X,Pan L,Wang B.Influence of aflatoxin on Vibrio fischeri luminescence[J].Acta Microbiologica Sinica,2011,51(12):1669-1674(in Chinese)
• [25]OECD.Test No.202:Daphnia magna acute immobilization test and reproduction test[S].Paris:OECD,2004
• [26]ISO.ISO 15088-2007,Water quality-Determination of the acute toxicity of waste water to zebra fish eggs(Danio rerio)[S].Geneva:ISO,2007
• [27]Chou T,Talalay P.Quantitative analysis of dose-effectrelationships:The combined effects of multiple drugs or enzyme inhibitors[J].Advances in Enzyme Regulation,1984,22:27-55
• [28]Chou T C,Hayball M P.Calcu Syn for Windows.Software for Dose Effect Analysis[CP].Cambridge:Biosoft Copyright 1996-2005(Calcu Syn 2).
• [29]EU.Technical guidance document(TGD)on risk assessment of chemical substances following European regulation and directives[R].Italy:EU,2003
• [30]国家环境保护总局.HJ/T 154—2004新化学物质危害评估导则[S].北京:国家环境保护总局,2004State Environmental Protection Administration of China.HJ/T 154-2004 The guidelines for harzard evaluation of new chemical substances[S].Beijing:State Environmental Protection Administration of China,2004(in Chinese)
• [31]Kim Y,Choi K,Jung J,et al.Aquatic toxicity of acetaminophen,carbamazepine,cimetidine,diltiazem and six major sulfonamides,and their potential ecological risks in Korea[J].Environment International,2007,33(3):370-375
• [32]李霞.氟苯尼考及其类似物对水生生物的毒性效应[D].广州:暨南大学,2010:51Li X.Toxic effects of florfenicol and its analogues to aquatic organisms[D].Guangzhou:Jinan University,2010:51(in Chinese)
• [33]Isidori M,Lavorgna M,Nardelli A,et al.Toxic and genotoxic evaluation of six antibiotics on non-target organisms[J].Science of The Total Environment,2005,346(1-3):87-98
• [34]Rosal R,Rodea-Palomares I,Boltes K,et al.Ecotoxicological assessment of surfactants in the aquatic environment:Combined toxicity of docusate sodium with chlorinated pollutants[J].Chemosphere,2010,81(2):288-293
• [35]丛永平,姜蕾,王婷,等.典型抗生素二元混合物对明亮发光杆菌的急性联合毒性[J].环境化学,2013(7):1348-1352Cong Y P,Jiang L,Wang T,et al.Acute joint toxicity of binary antibiotic mixtures on Photobacterium phosphoreum[J].Environmental Chemistry,2013(7):1348-1352(in Chinese)
• [36]Koodziejska M,Maszkowska J,Biak-Bielińska A,et al.Aquatic toxicity of four veterinary drugs commonly applied in fish farming and animal husbandry[J].Chemosphere,2013,92(9):1253-1259
• [37]Cedergreen N,Srensen H,Svendsen C.Can the joint effect of ternary mixtures be predicted from binary mixture toxicity results?[J].Science of The Total Environment,2012,427-428:229-237
• [38]周文中,毕可东,邹本革,等.氟苯尼考与盐酸土霉素体外联合抑菌效果研究[J].中国畜牧兽医,2011,38(7):201-203Zhou W Z,Bi K D,Zou B G,et al.Studies on the combined antibacterial activity of florfenicol and oxytetracycline hydrochloride in vitro[J].China Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine,2011,38(7):201-203(in Chinese)
• [39]Rodea-Palomares I,Petre A L,Boltes K,et al.Application of the combination index(CI)-isobologram equation to study the toxicological interactions of lipid regulators in two aquatic bioluminescent organisms[J].Water Research,2010,44(2):427-438
• [40]Fu L,Huang T,Wang S,et al.Toxicity of 13 different antibiotics towards freshwater green algae Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata and their modes of action[J].Chemosphere,2017,168:217-222
• [41]陈晨.农药残留混合污染联合毒性效应研究[D].北京:中国农业科学院,2014:42-44Chen C.Study on combined effects of pesticide residue mixtures[D].Beijing:Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,2014:42-44(in Chinese)
• [42]Li N,Zhang X,Wu W,et al.Occurrence,seasonal variation and risk assessment of antibiotics in the reservoirs in North China[J].Chemosphere,2014,111:327-335
• [43]梁惜梅,施震,黄小平.珠江口典型水产养殖区抗生素的污染特征[J].生态环境学报,2013,22(2):304-310Liang X M,Shi Z,Huang X P.Occurrence of antibiotics in typical aquaculture of the Pearl River Estuary[J].Ecology and Environmental Sciences,2013,22(2):304-310(in Chinese)
• [44]Yan C,Yang Y,Zhou J,et al.Antibiotics in the surface water of the Yangtze Estuary:Occurrence,distribution and risk assessment[J].Environmental Pollution,2013,175:22-29
• [45]黄翔峰,王珅,陈国鑫,等.人工湿地对水产养殖废水典型污染物的去除[J].环境工程学报,2016,10(1):12-20Huang X F,Wang K,Chen G X,et al.Typical pollutants removal efficiency from aquaculture wastewater by using constructed wetlands[J].Chinese Journal of Environmental Engineering,2016,10(1):12-20(in Chinese)
• [46]闾幸.生猪养殖废水及地表水中兽用抗生素污染现状与处理技术研究[D].上海:上海师范大学,2013:38-39Lv X.Veterinary antibiotics in swine wastewater and groundwater and processing technology[D].Shanghai:Shanghai Normal University,2013:38-39(in Chinese)
• [47]柯润辉,蒋愉林,黄清辉,等.上海某城市污水处理厂污水中药物类个人护理用品(PPCPs)的调查研究[J].生态毒理学报,2014,9(6):1146-1155Ke R H,Jiang Y L,Huang Q H,et al.Investigative screening of pharmaceuticals in a municipal wastewater treatment plant in Shanghai[J].Asian Journal of Ecotoxicology,2014,9(6):1146-1155(in Chinese)
• [48]Rodea-Palomares I,González-Pleiter M,Martín-Betancor K,et al.Additivity and interactions in ecotoxicity of pollutant mixtures:Some patterns,conclusions,and open questions[J].Toxics,2015,3(4):342-369
• [49]Marx C,Mühlbauer V,Krebs P,et al.Environmental risk assessment of antibiotics including synergistic and antagonistic combination effects[J].Science of The Total Environment,2015,524-525:269-279