4种典型有害赤潮原因种的溶血特性研究Hemolytic Activity Studies of Several Harmful Alga Strains
周成旭;傅永静;严小军;
摘要(Abstract):
对4种典型赤潮原因种的细胞和培养水中的溶血特性进行了研究.藻种分别是:赤潮异弯藻(Heterosigma akashiwo)的两个品系,微小亚历山大藻(Alexandrium minutum),东海原甲藻(Prorocentrum donghaiense)和微小卡罗藻(Karlodinum micrum).对各藻类的去藻上清液和超声破碎细胞提取液进行了溶血性检测,发现:几种赤潮种对鲫鱼红血细胞的溶血特性具有种间差异,同藻种的细胞与其培养水中的溶血强度存在差异.具体表现为:赤潮异弯藻具有最强的溶血性,去藻上清液的溶血性(60 ̄100%)远大于超声破碎细胞提取液的溶血性(30 ̄60%);微小卡罗藻超声破碎细胞提取液的溶血性(70%)大于去藻上清液的溶血性(30%),且是各藻超声破碎细胞提取液溶血性中最强的;东海原甲藻和微小亚历山大藻溶血性较弱,微小亚历山大藻去藻上清液的溶血性(30%)略大于超声破碎细胞提取液的溶血性(10%),东海原甲藻两部分的溶血性差异不显著.赤潮种类及其细胞内外的溶血特性在一定程度上显示了赤潮原因种在赤潮致害过程中的特征.
关键词(KeyWords): 赤潮异弯藻;微小亚历山大藻;东海原甲藻;微小卡罗藻;溶血性
基金项目(Foundation): 国家自然科学基金项目(No.20472040);; 教育部“高等学校科技创新工程重大项目培育资金项目”(No.705028);; 浙江省自然科学基金项目(No.Y504083);; 宁波大学学科项目(No.xk0613046)
作者(Authors): 周成旭;傅永静;严小军;
参考文献(References):
- Bjornland T,Tangen K.1979.Pigmentation and morphology of amarine gyrodinium(dinophyceae)with a major carotenoid differentfrom peridinin and fucoxanthin[J].J Phycol,15:457-463
- Deeds J R,Terlizzi D E,Adolf J E,Stoecker D K,Place A R.2002.Toxic activity from cultures of Karlodinium micrum(=Gyrodinium galatheanum)(Dinophyecae)-a dinoflagellate associatedwith fish mortalities in an estuarine aquaculture facility[J].Harmful Algae,1:169-189
- ECOHAB.2005.ECOHAB:Consequences and causes of variabletoxicity in Karlodinium micrum—a cosmopolitan ichthyotoxicdinoflagellate[OL].http://www.nos.noaa.gov/nccos/npe/projectdetail
- Edvardsen B,Moy F,Paasche E.1990.Haemolytic activity inextracts of Chrysochromulina polylepis grown at different levels ofselenite and phosphate[M].In:Graneli E,Sunstom B,Edler L,Anderson D M(Eds.).Toxic marine phytoplankton.New York:Elsevier,284-289
- Emuraa A,Matsuyamab Y,Odaa T.2004.Evidence for theproduction of a novel proteinaceous hemolytic exotoxin bydinoflagellate Alexandrium taylori[J].Harmful Algae,3:29-37
- Glasgow Jr H B,Lewitus A J,Burkholder J M.1998.Feedingbehavior of the ichthyotoxic dinoflagellate,Pfiesteria piscicida,onamino acids,algal prey,and fish vs.mammalian erythrocytes[A]//Reguera B,Blanco J,Fernandez M L,Wyatt T.Proceedings ofthe VIIIth international conference on harmful algal blooms[C].Xunta de Galicia and Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commissionof UNESCO,Paris
- Hallegraeff G M.2002.Aquaculturists’guide to harmful Australianmicroalgae[M].Hobart,Australia:Print Centre,136
- Lu D D,Qi Y Z,Goebel J,Zou J Z,Gao Y H.2003.Redescription of Prorocentrum donghaiense Lu and comparisonwith relevant Prorocentrum species[J].Chinese Journal ofApplied Ecology,14(7):1060-1064(in Chinese)
- Marshall H G.1999.Pfiesteria piscicida and dinoflagellatessimilar to Pfiesteria[J].VA J Sci,50(4):281-285
- Martin D F,Padilla G M.1971.Haemolysis induced byPrymnesium parvum toxin[J].Kinetics and Binding BiochimBiophys Acta,241:213-225
- Neely T,Campbell L.2006.A modified assay to determinehemolytic toxin variability among Karenia clones isolated from theGulf of Mexico[J].Harmful Algae,5(5):592-598
- Tengs T,Bowers H A,Ziman A P,Stoecker D K,Oldach D W.2001.Genetic polymorphism in Gymnodinium galatheanum chloroplastDNA sequences and development of a molecular detection assay[J].Molecular Ecology,10:515-523
- Yan T,Zhou M J,Fu M,Yu R C,Wang Y F,Li J,Tan Z J.2003.The preliminary study on toxicity of Heterosigma akashiwoand the toxicity source[J].Oceanologia et Limnologia Sinica,34(1):50-55(in Chinese)
- Yasumoto T,Underdal B,Aune T,Hormazabal V,Skulberg OM,Oshima Y.1990.Screening for hemolytic and ichthyotoxiccomponents of Chrysochromulina polylepis and Gyrodiniumaureolum from Norwegian coastal waters[A]//Granell E.Toxicmarine phytoplankton[M].Amsterdam:Elsevier,436-440
- Ye S F,Huang X Q.2003.HABs in East China Sea:Surveillance and monitoring[J].Marine Environmental Science,22(2):10-13(in Chinese)
- Zhou C X,Ma B,Wang F X,Xu B,Yan X J.2006.Thepopulation growth and variation of nitrate-N and phosphate-P inthe water of mix-culture of Phaeodactylum tricornutum Bohl andProrocentrum micans[J].Marine Sciences,30(12):58-61(inChinese)
- 陆斗定,齐雨藻,Goebel J,邹景忠,高亚辉.2003.东海原甲藻修订及与相关原甲藻的分类学比较[J].应用生态学报,14(7):1060-1064
- 颜天,周明江,傅萌,于仁诚,王云峰,李钧,谭志军.2003.赤潮异弯藻毒性及毒性来源的初步研究[J].海洋与湖沼,34(1):50-55
- 叶属峰,黄秀清.2003.东海赤潮及其监视监测[J].海洋环境科学,22(2):10-13
- 周成旭,马斌,汪飞雄,徐斌,严小军.2006.海洋原甲藻与三角褐指藻混合培养条件下的种群生长与氮磷营养盐变化[J].海洋科学,30(12):58-61